Cargando…
Sugar‐coated sperm: Unraveling the functions of the mammalian sperm glycocalyx
Mammalian spermatozoa are coated with a thick glycocalyx that is assembled during sperm development, maturation, and upon contact with seminal fluid. The sperm glycocalyx is critical for sperm survival in the female reproductive tract and is modified during capacitation. The complex interplay among...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2015
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4744710/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26061344 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.22500 |
_version_ | 1782414516958527488 |
---|---|
author | Tecle, Eillen Gagneux, Pascal |
author_facet | Tecle, Eillen Gagneux, Pascal |
author_sort | Tecle, Eillen |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mammalian spermatozoa are coated with a thick glycocalyx that is assembled during sperm development, maturation, and upon contact with seminal fluid. The sperm glycocalyx is critical for sperm survival in the female reproductive tract and is modified during capacitation. The complex interplay among the various glycoconjugates generates numerous signaling motifs that may regulate sperm function and, as a result, fertility. Nascent spermatozoa assemble their own glycans while the cells still possess a functional endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi in the seminiferous tubule, but once spermatogenesis is complete, they lose the capacity to produce glycoconjugates de novo. Sperm glycans continue to be modified, during epididymal transit by extracellular glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. Furthermore, epididymal cells secrete glycoconjugates (glycophosphatidylinositol‐anchored glycoproteins and glycolipids) and glycan‐rich microvesicles that can fuse with the maturing sperm membrane. The sperm glycocalyx mediates numerous functions in the female reproductive tract, including the following: inhibition of premature capacitation; passage through the cervical mucus; protection from innate and adaptive female immunity; formation of the sperm reservoir; and masking sperm proteins involved in fertilization. The immense diversity in sperm‐associated glycans within and between species forms a remarkable challenge to our understanding of essential sperm glycan functions. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 82: 635–650, 2015. © 2015 The Authors. Molecular Reproduction and Development published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4744710 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47447102016-02-18 Sugar‐coated sperm: Unraveling the functions of the mammalian sperm glycocalyx Tecle, Eillen Gagneux, Pascal Mol Reprod Dev Review Articles Mammalian spermatozoa are coated with a thick glycocalyx that is assembled during sperm development, maturation, and upon contact with seminal fluid. The sperm glycocalyx is critical for sperm survival in the female reproductive tract and is modified during capacitation. The complex interplay among the various glycoconjugates generates numerous signaling motifs that may regulate sperm function and, as a result, fertility. Nascent spermatozoa assemble their own glycans while the cells still possess a functional endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi in the seminiferous tubule, but once spermatogenesis is complete, they lose the capacity to produce glycoconjugates de novo. Sperm glycans continue to be modified, during epididymal transit by extracellular glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. Furthermore, epididymal cells secrete glycoconjugates (glycophosphatidylinositol‐anchored glycoproteins and glycolipids) and glycan‐rich microvesicles that can fuse with the maturing sperm membrane. The sperm glycocalyx mediates numerous functions in the female reproductive tract, including the following: inhibition of premature capacitation; passage through the cervical mucus; protection from innate and adaptive female immunity; formation of the sperm reservoir; and masking sperm proteins involved in fertilization. The immense diversity in sperm‐associated glycans within and between species forms a remarkable challenge to our understanding of essential sperm glycan functions. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 82: 635–650, 2015. © 2015 The Authors. Molecular Reproduction and Development published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2015-06-09 2015-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4744710/ /pubmed/26061344 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.22500 Text en © 2015 The Authors. Molecular Reproduction and Development published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
spellingShingle | Review Articles Tecle, Eillen Gagneux, Pascal Sugar‐coated sperm: Unraveling the functions of the mammalian sperm glycocalyx |
title | Sugar‐coated sperm: Unraveling the functions of the mammalian sperm glycocalyx |
title_full | Sugar‐coated sperm: Unraveling the functions of the mammalian sperm glycocalyx |
title_fullStr | Sugar‐coated sperm: Unraveling the functions of the mammalian sperm glycocalyx |
title_full_unstemmed | Sugar‐coated sperm: Unraveling the functions of the mammalian sperm glycocalyx |
title_short | Sugar‐coated sperm: Unraveling the functions of the mammalian sperm glycocalyx |
title_sort | sugar‐coated sperm: unraveling the functions of the mammalian sperm glycocalyx |
topic | Review Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4744710/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26061344 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.22500 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT tecleeillen sugarcoatedspermunravelingthefunctionsofthemammalianspermglycocalyx AT gagneuxpascal sugarcoatedspermunravelingthefunctionsofthemammalianspermglycocalyx |