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Sexual Dimorphism in White Matter Developmental Trajectories Using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics

Increasing evidence is emerging for sexual dimorphism in the trajectory of white matter development in children assessed using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and more recently diffusion MRI. Recent studies using diffusion MRI have examined cohorts with a wide age range (typically betwee...

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Autores principales: Seunarine, Kiran K., Clayden, Jonathan D., Jentschke, Sebastian, Muñoz, Monica, Cooper, Janine M., Chadwick, Martin J., Banks, Tina, Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh, Clark, Christopher A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4744889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26446207
http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/brain.2015.0340
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author Seunarine, Kiran K.
Clayden, Jonathan D.
Jentschke, Sebastian
Muñoz, Monica
Cooper, Janine M.
Chadwick, Martin J.
Banks, Tina
Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh
Clark, Christopher A.
author_facet Seunarine, Kiran K.
Clayden, Jonathan D.
Jentschke, Sebastian
Muñoz, Monica
Cooper, Janine M.
Chadwick, Martin J.
Banks, Tina
Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh
Clark, Christopher A.
author_sort Seunarine, Kiran K.
collection PubMed
description Increasing evidence is emerging for sexual dimorphism in the trajectory of white matter development in children assessed using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and more recently diffusion MRI. Recent studies using diffusion MRI have examined cohorts with a wide age range (typically between 5 and 30 years) showing focal regions of differential diffusivity and fractional anisotropy (FA) and have implicated puberty as a possible contributory factor. To further investigate possible dimorphic trajectories in a young cohort, presumably closer to the expected onset of puberty, we used tract-based spatial statistics to investigate diffusion metrics. The cohort consisted of 23 males and 30 females between the ages of 8 and 16 years. Differences in diffusion metrics were corrected for age, total brain volume, and full scale IQ. In contrast to previous studies showing focal differences between males and females, widespread sexually dimorphic trajectories in structural white matter development were observed. These differences were characterized by more advanced development in females compared to males indicated by lower mean diffusivity, radial and axial diffusivity, and higher FA in females. This difference appeared to be larger at lower ages (8–9 years) with diffusion measures from males and females tending to converge between 10 and 14 years of age. Males showed a steeper slope for age-diffusion metric correlations compared to females, who either did not correlate with age or correlated in fewer regions. Further studies are now warranted to determine the role of hormones on the observed differences, particularly in 8–9-year-old children.
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spelling pubmed-47448892016-02-09 Sexual Dimorphism in White Matter Developmental Trajectories Using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics Seunarine, Kiran K. Clayden, Jonathan D. Jentschke, Sebastian Muñoz, Monica Cooper, Janine M. Chadwick, Martin J. Banks, Tina Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh Clark, Christopher A. Brain Connect Original Articles Increasing evidence is emerging for sexual dimorphism in the trajectory of white matter development in children assessed using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and more recently diffusion MRI. Recent studies using diffusion MRI have examined cohorts with a wide age range (typically between 5 and 30 years) showing focal regions of differential diffusivity and fractional anisotropy (FA) and have implicated puberty as a possible contributory factor. To further investigate possible dimorphic trajectories in a young cohort, presumably closer to the expected onset of puberty, we used tract-based spatial statistics to investigate diffusion metrics. The cohort consisted of 23 males and 30 females between the ages of 8 and 16 years. Differences in diffusion metrics were corrected for age, total brain volume, and full scale IQ. In contrast to previous studies showing focal differences between males and females, widespread sexually dimorphic trajectories in structural white matter development were observed. These differences were characterized by more advanced development in females compared to males indicated by lower mean diffusivity, radial and axial diffusivity, and higher FA in females. This difference appeared to be larger at lower ages (8–9 years) with diffusion measures from males and females tending to converge between 10 and 14 years of age. Males showed a steeper slope for age-diffusion metric correlations compared to females, who either did not correlate with age or correlated in fewer regions. Further studies are now warranted to determine the role of hormones on the observed differences, particularly in 8–9-year-old children. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2016-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4744889/ /pubmed/26446207 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/brain.2015.0340 Text en © Kiran K. Seunarine, et al., 2016; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Seunarine, Kiran K.
Clayden, Jonathan D.
Jentschke, Sebastian
Muñoz, Monica
Cooper, Janine M.
Chadwick, Martin J.
Banks, Tina
Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh
Clark, Christopher A.
Sexual Dimorphism in White Matter Developmental Trajectories Using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics
title Sexual Dimorphism in White Matter Developmental Trajectories Using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics
title_full Sexual Dimorphism in White Matter Developmental Trajectories Using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics
title_fullStr Sexual Dimorphism in White Matter Developmental Trajectories Using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics
title_full_unstemmed Sexual Dimorphism in White Matter Developmental Trajectories Using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics
title_short Sexual Dimorphism in White Matter Developmental Trajectories Using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics
title_sort sexual dimorphism in white matter developmental trajectories using tract-based spatial statistics
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4744889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26446207
http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/brain.2015.0340
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