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Risk Factors for Enterovirus A71 Seropositivity in Rural Indigenous Populations in West Malaysia
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), which is transmitted by the fecal-oral route, causes hand, foot and mouth disease and, rarely, severe neurological complications. In Malaysia, the indigenous rural community (Orang Asli) has a high prevalence of parasitic diseases due to poor sanitation, water supply and hy...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4750978/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26866912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148767 |
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author | NikNadia, NMN Sam, I-Ching Khaidir, Nasibah Ngui, Romano Lim, Yvonne A. L. Goh, Xiang Ting Choy, Seow Huey Chan, Yoke Fun |
author_facet | NikNadia, NMN Sam, I-Ching Khaidir, Nasibah Ngui, Romano Lim, Yvonne A. L. Goh, Xiang Ting Choy, Seow Huey Chan, Yoke Fun |
author_sort | NikNadia, NMN |
collection | PubMed |
description | Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), which is transmitted by the fecal-oral route, causes hand, foot and mouth disease and, rarely, severe neurological complications. In Malaysia, the indigenous rural community (Orang Asli) has a high prevalence of parasitic diseases due to poor sanitation, water supply and hygiene practices. This cross-sectional study compared the seroepidemiology of EV-A71 among rural Orang Asli and urban Kuala Lumpur populations in West Malaysia, and determined the risk factors associated with EV-A71 seropositivity in rural Orang Asli. Seropositive rates were determined by neutralization assay. EV-A71 seropositivity was strongly associated with increasing age in both populations. Rural Orang Asli children ≤12 years had significantly higher EV-A71 seropositivity rates than urban Kuala Lumpur children (95.5% vs 57.6%, P < 0.001), and also higher rates in the age groups of 1–3, 4–6 and 7–12 years. Multivariate analysis confirmed that age ≤12 years (adjusted OR 8.1, 95% CI 3.2–20.7, P < 0.001) and using untreated water (adjusted OR 6.2, 95% CI 2.3–16.6, P < 0.001) were independently associated with EV-A71 seropositivity in the Orang Asli population. Supply of clean drinking water may reduce the risk of EV-A71 infection. With significantly higher EV-A71 seropositive rates, younger rural children should be a priority target for future vaccination programs in Malaysia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4750978 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47509782016-02-26 Risk Factors for Enterovirus A71 Seropositivity in Rural Indigenous Populations in West Malaysia NikNadia, NMN Sam, I-Ching Khaidir, Nasibah Ngui, Romano Lim, Yvonne A. L. Goh, Xiang Ting Choy, Seow Huey Chan, Yoke Fun PLoS One Research Article Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), which is transmitted by the fecal-oral route, causes hand, foot and mouth disease and, rarely, severe neurological complications. In Malaysia, the indigenous rural community (Orang Asli) has a high prevalence of parasitic diseases due to poor sanitation, water supply and hygiene practices. This cross-sectional study compared the seroepidemiology of EV-A71 among rural Orang Asli and urban Kuala Lumpur populations in West Malaysia, and determined the risk factors associated with EV-A71 seropositivity in rural Orang Asli. Seropositive rates were determined by neutralization assay. EV-A71 seropositivity was strongly associated with increasing age in both populations. Rural Orang Asli children ≤12 years had significantly higher EV-A71 seropositivity rates than urban Kuala Lumpur children (95.5% vs 57.6%, P < 0.001), and also higher rates in the age groups of 1–3, 4–6 and 7–12 years. Multivariate analysis confirmed that age ≤12 years (adjusted OR 8.1, 95% CI 3.2–20.7, P < 0.001) and using untreated water (adjusted OR 6.2, 95% CI 2.3–16.6, P < 0.001) were independently associated with EV-A71 seropositivity in the Orang Asli population. Supply of clean drinking water may reduce the risk of EV-A71 infection. With significantly higher EV-A71 seropositive rates, younger rural children should be a priority target for future vaccination programs in Malaysia. Public Library of Science 2016-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC4750978/ /pubmed/26866912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148767 Text en © 2016 NikNadia et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article NikNadia, NMN Sam, I-Ching Khaidir, Nasibah Ngui, Romano Lim, Yvonne A. L. Goh, Xiang Ting Choy, Seow Huey Chan, Yoke Fun Risk Factors for Enterovirus A71 Seropositivity in Rural Indigenous Populations in West Malaysia |
title | Risk Factors for Enterovirus A71 Seropositivity in Rural Indigenous Populations in West Malaysia |
title_full | Risk Factors for Enterovirus A71 Seropositivity in Rural Indigenous Populations in West Malaysia |
title_fullStr | Risk Factors for Enterovirus A71 Seropositivity in Rural Indigenous Populations in West Malaysia |
title_full_unstemmed | Risk Factors for Enterovirus A71 Seropositivity in Rural Indigenous Populations in West Malaysia |
title_short | Risk Factors for Enterovirus A71 Seropositivity in Rural Indigenous Populations in West Malaysia |
title_sort | risk factors for enterovirus a71 seropositivity in rural indigenous populations in west malaysia |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4750978/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26866912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148767 |
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