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Factors Associated With Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: Review of Current Literature

BACKGROUND: Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) places women at increased risk for complications during pregnancy and also increases the likelihood that they will remain overweight after pregnancy. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has recommended weight gain guidelines based on pre-pregnancy bod...

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Autores principales: Samura, Tirah, Steer, Jonathan, Michelis, L. Daniela, Carroll, Lisa, Holland, Erica, Perkins, Rebecca
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Global Advances in Health and Medicine 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4756783/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26937318
http://dx.doi.org/10.7453/gahmj.2015.094
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author Samura, Tirah
Steer, Jonathan
Michelis, L. Daniela
Carroll, Lisa
Holland, Erica
Perkins, Rebecca
author_facet Samura, Tirah
Steer, Jonathan
Michelis, L. Daniela
Carroll, Lisa
Holland, Erica
Perkins, Rebecca
author_sort Samura, Tirah
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) places women at increased risk for complications during pregnancy and also increases the likelihood that they will remain overweight after pregnancy. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has recommended weight gain guidelines based on pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), but evidence-based strategies to achieve these goals are limited. OBJECTIVE: This review discusses factors associated with EGWG with the goal of identifying targets for future intervention. METHODS: A search was performed using the PubMed database to identify all English-language papers published between 1995 and 2014 related to excessive weight gain in pregnancy. Papers were grouped by theme: preconception BMI, sociodemographics, diet and exercise, psychosocial characteristics, and type of prenatal care. RESULTS: Studies found that women who were overweight or obese at the time of conception were at higher risk of EGWG and that increased physical activity protected against EGWG. Studies on diet and sociodemographic characteristics were inconclusive. Psychological factors, specifically accurate perceptions of BMI, also appear to play a role in EGWG. Limited studies on methods of prenatal care delivery did not show improvement of weight parameters with group compared to one-on-one visits. CONCLUSION: Pre-pregnancy BMI is most strongly associated with EGWG, indicating that healthy weight habits throughout adult life may be especially important in periods of expected weight change, such as pregnancy. To decrease EGWG, providers should focus on improving pre-conception BMI through appropriate counseling on healthy eating and increased physical activity as well as encouraging pregnant women to continue moderate exercise during pregnancy when appropriate.
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spelling pubmed-47567832016-05-12 Factors Associated With Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: Review of Current Literature Samura, Tirah Steer, Jonathan Michelis, L. Daniela Carroll, Lisa Holland, Erica Perkins, Rebecca Glob Adv Health Med Systematic Review BACKGROUND: Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) places women at increased risk for complications during pregnancy and also increases the likelihood that they will remain overweight after pregnancy. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has recommended weight gain guidelines based on pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), but evidence-based strategies to achieve these goals are limited. OBJECTIVE: This review discusses factors associated with EGWG with the goal of identifying targets for future intervention. METHODS: A search was performed using the PubMed database to identify all English-language papers published between 1995 and 2014 related to excessive weight gain in pregnancy. Papers were grouped by theme: preconception BMI, sociodemographics, diet and exercise, psychosocial characteristics, and type of prenatal care. RESULTS: Studies found that women who were overweight or obese at the time of conception were at higher risk of EGWG and that increased physical activity protected against EGWG. Studies on diet and sociodemographic characteristics were inconclusive. Psychological factors, specifically accurate perceptions of BMI, also appear to play a role in EGWG. Limited studies on methods of prenatal care delivery did not show improvement of weight parameters with group compared to one-on-one visits. CONCLUSION: Pre-pregnancy BMI is most strongly associated with EGWG, indicating that healthy weight habits throughout adult life may be especially important in periods of expected weight change, such as pregnancy. To decrease EGWG, providers should focus on improving pre-conception BMI through appropriate counseling on healthy eating and increased physical activity as well as encouraging pregnant women to continue moderate exercise during pregnancy when appropriate. Global Advances in Health and Medicine 2016-01 2016-01-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4756783/ /pubmed/26937318 http://dx.doi.org/10.7453/gahmj.2015.094 Text en © 2016 GAHM LLC. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial- No Derivative 3.0 License, which permits rights to copy, distribute and transmit the work for noncommercial purposes only, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Samura, Tirah
Steer, Jonathan
Michelis, L. Daniela
Carroll, Lisa
Holland, Erica
Perkins, Rebecca
Factors Associated With Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: Review of Current Literature
title Factors Associated With Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: Review of Current Literature
title_full Factors Associated With Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: Review of Current Literature
title_fullStr Factors Associated With Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: Review of Current Literature
title_full_unstemmed Factors Associated With Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: Review of Current Literature
title_short Factors Associated With Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: Review of Current Literature
title_sort factors associated with excessive gestational weight gain: review of current literature
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4756783/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26937318
http://dx.doi.org/10.7453/gahmj.2015.094
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