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Use of mobile and cordless phones and cognition in Australian primary school children: a prospective cohort study

BACKGROUND: Use of mobile (MP) and cordless phones (CP) is common among young children, but whether the resulting radiofrequency exposure affects development of cognitive skills is not known. Small changes have been found in older children. This study focused on children’s exposures to MP and CP and...

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Autores principales: Redmayne, Mary, Smith, Catherine L., Benke, Geza, Croft, Rodney J., Dalecki, Anna, Dimitriadis, Christina, Kaufman, Jordy, Macleod, Skye, Sim, Malcolm R., Wolfe, Rory, Abramson, Michael J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4759913/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26892106
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0116-1
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author Redmayne, Mary
Smith, Catherine L.
Benke, Geza
Croft, Rodney J.
Dalecki, Anna
Dimitriadis, Christina
Kaufman, Jordy
Macleod, Skye
Sim, Malcolm R.
Wolfe, Rory
Abramson, Michael J.
author_facet Redmayne, Mary
Smith, Catherine L.
Benke, Geza
Croft, Rodney J.
Dalecki, Anna
Dimitriadis, Christina
Kaufman, Jordy
Macleod, Skye
Sim, Malcolm R.
Wolfe, Rory
Abramson, Michael J.
author_sort Redmayne, Mary
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Use of mobile (MP) and cordless phones (CP) is common among young children, but whether the resulting radiofrequency exposure affects development of cognitive skills is not known. Small changes have been found in older children. This study focused on children’s exposures to MP and CP and cognitive development. The hypothesis was that children who used these phones would display differences in cognitive function compared to those who did not. METHODS: We recruited 619 fourth-grade students (8-11 years) from 37 schools around Melbourne and Wollongong, Australia. Participants completed a short questionnaire, a computerised cognitive test battery, and the Stroop colour-word test. Parents completed exposure questionnaires on their child’s behalf. Analysis used multiple linear regression. The principal exposure-metrics were the total number of reported MP and CP calls weekly categorised into no use ('None'); use less than or equal to the median amount (‘Some’); and use more than the median (‘More’). The median number of calls/week was 2.5 for MP and 2.0 for CP. RESULTS: MP and CP use for calls was low; and only 5 of 78 comparisons of phone use with cognitive measures were statistically significant. The reaction time to the response-inhibition task was slower in those who used an MP ‘More’ compared to the ‘Some’ use group and non-users. For CP use, the response time to the Stroop interference task was slower in the ‘More’ group versus the ‘Some’ group, and accuracy was worse in visual recognition and episodic memory tasks and the identification task. In an additional exploratory analysis, there was some evidence of a gender effect on mean reaction times. The highest users for both phone types were girls. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, there was little evidence cognitive function was associated with CP and MP use in this age group. Although there was some evidence that effects of MP and CP use on cognition may differ by gender, this needs further exploration. CP results may be more reliable as parents estimated children’s phone use and the CPs were at home; results for CP use were broadly consistent with our earlier study of older children. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12940-016-0116-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-47599132016-02-20 Use of mobile and cordless phones and cognition in Australian primary school children: a prospective cohort study Redmayne, Mary Smith, Catherine L. Benke, Geza Croft, Rodney J. Dalecki, Anna Dimitriadis, Christina Kaufman, Jordy Macleod, Skye Sim, Malcolm R. Wolfe, Rory Abramson, Michael J. Environ Health Research BACKGROUND: Use of mobile (MP) and cordless phones (CP) is common among young children, but whether the resulting radiofrequency exposure affects development of cognitive skills is not known. Small changes have been found in older children. This study focused on children’s exposures to MP and CP and cognitive development. The hypothesis was that children who used these phones would display differences in cognitive function compared to those who did not. METHODS: We recruited 619 fourth-grade students (8-11 years) from 37 schools around Melbourne and Wollongong, Australia. Participants completed a short questionnaire, a computerised cognitive test battery, and the Stroop colour-word test. Parents completed exposure questionnaires on their child’s behalf. Analysis used multiple linear regression. The principal exposure-metrics were the total number of reported MP and CP calls weekly categorised into no use ('None'); use less than or equal to the median amount (‘Some’); and use more than the median (‘More’). The median number of calls/week was 2.5 for MP and 2.0 for CP. RESULTS: MP and CP use for calls was low; and only 5 of 78 comparisons of phone use with cognitive measures were statistically significant. The reaction time to the response-inhibition task was slower in those who used an MP ‘More’ compared to the ‘Some’ use group and non-users. For CP use, the response time to the Stroop interference task was slower in the ‘More’ group versus the ‘Some’ group, and accuracy was worse in visual recognition and episodic memory tasks and the identification task. In an additional exploratory analysis, there was some evidence of a gender effect on mean reaction times. The highest users for both phone types were girls. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, there was little evidence cognitive function was associated with CP and MP use in this age group. Although there was some evidence that effects of MP and CP use on cognition may differ by gender, this needs further exploration. CP results may be more reliable as parents estimated children’s phone use and the CPs were at home; results for CP use were broadly consistent with our earlier study of older children. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12940-016-0116-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2016-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4759913/ /pubmed/26892106 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0116-1 Text en © Redmayne et al. 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Redmayne, Mary
Smith, Catherine L.
Benke, Geza
Croft, Rodney J.
Dalecki, Anna
Dimitriadis, Christina
Kaufman, Jordy
Macleod, Skye
Sim, Malcolm R.
Wolfe, Rory
Abramson, Michael J.
Use of mobile and cordless phones and cognition in Australian primary school children: a prospective cohort study
title Use of mobile and cordless phones and cognition in Australian primary school children: a prospective cohort study
title_full Use of mobile and cordless phones and cognition in Australian primary school children: a prospective cohort study
title_fullStr Use of mobile and cordless phones and cognition in Australian primary school children: a prospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Use of mobile and cordless phones and cognition in Australian primary school children: a prospective cohort study
title_short Use of mobile and cordless phones and cognition in Australian primary school children: a prospective cohort study
title_sort use of mobile and cordless phones and cognition in australian primary school children: a prospective cohort study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4759913/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26892106
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0116-1
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