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Motor planning poststroke: impairment in vector‐coded reach plans

Healthy individuals appear to use both vector‐coded reach plans that encode movements in terms of their desired direction and extent, and target‐coded reach plans that encode the desired endpoint position of the effector. We examined whether these vector and target reach‐planning codes are different...

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Autores principales: Rizzo, John‐Ross, Hudson, Todd E., Abdou, Andrew, Rashbaum, Ira G., George, Ajax E., Raghavan, Preeti, Landy, Michael S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4760446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26660558
http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12650
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author Rizzo, John‐Ross
Hudson, Todd E.
Abdou, Andrew
Rashbaum, Ira G.
George, Ajax E.
Raghavan, Preeti
Landy, Michael S.
author_facet Rizzo, John‐Ross
Hudson, Todd E.
Abdou, Andrew
Rashbaum, Ira G.
George, Ajax E.
Raghavan, Preeti
Landy, Michael S.
author_sort Rizzo, John‐Ross
collection PubMed
description Healthy individuals appear to use both vector‐coded reach plans that encode movements in terms of their desired direction and extent, and target‐coded reach plans that encode the desired endpoint position of the effector. We examined whether these vector and target reach‐planning codes are differentially affected after stroke. Participants with stroke and healthy controls made blocks of reaches that were grouped by target location (providing target‐specific practice) and by movement vector (providing vector‐specific practice). Reach accuracy was impaired in the more affected arm after stroke, but not distinguishable for target‐ versus vector‐grouped reaches. Reach velocity and acceleration were not only impaired in both the less and more affected arms poststroke, but also not distinguishable for target‐ versus vector‐grouped reaches. As previously reported in controls, target‐grouped reaches yielded isotropic (circular) error distributions and vector‐grouped reaches yielded error distributions elongated in the direction of the reach. In stroke, the pattern of variability was similar. However, the more affected arm showed less elongated error ellipses for vector‐grouped reaches compared to the less affected arm, particularly in individuals with right‐hemispheric stroke. The results suggest greater impairment to the vector‐coded movement‐planning system after stroke, and have implications for the development of personalized approaches to poststroke rehabilitation: Motor learning may be enhanced by practice that uses the preserved code or, conversely, by retraining the more impaired code to restore function.
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spelling pubmed-47604462016-02-22 Motor planning poststroke: impairment in vector‐coded reach plans Rizzo, John‐Ross Hudson, Todd E. Abdou, Andrew Rashbaum, Ira G. George, Ajax E. Raghavan, Preeti Landy, Michael S. Physiol Rep Original Research Healthy individuals appear to use both vector‐coded reach plans that encode movements in terms of their desired direction and extent, and target‐coded reach plans that encode the desired endpoint position of the effector. We examined whether these vector and target reach‐planning codes are differentially affected after stroke. Participants with stroke and healthy controls made blocks of reaches that were grouped by target location (providing target‐specific practice) and by movement vector (providing vector‐specific practice). Reach accuracy was impaired in the more affected arm after stroke, but not distinguishable for target‐ versus vector‐grouped reaches. Reach velocity and acceleration were not only impaired in both the less and more affected arms poststroke, but also not distinguishable for target‐ versus vector‐grouped reaches. As previously reported in controls, target‐grouped reaches yielded isotropic (circular) error distributions and vector‐grouped reaches yielded error distributions elongated in the direction of the reach. In stroke, the pattern of variability was similar. However, the more affected arm showed less elongated error ellipses for vector‐grouped reaches compared to the less affected arm, particularly in individuals with right‐hemispheric stroke. The results suggest greater impairment to the vector‐coded movement‐planning system after stroke, and have implications for the development of personalized approaches to poststroke rehabilitation: Motor learning may be enhanced by practice that uses the preserved code or, conversely, by retraining the more impaired code to restore function. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2015-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4760446/ /pubmed/26660558 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12650 Text en © 2015 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Rizzo, John‐Ross
Hudson, Todd E.
Abdou, Andrew
Rashbaum, Ira G.
George, Ajax E.
Raghavan, Preeti
Landy, Michael S.
Motor planning poststroke: impairment in vector‐coded reach plans
title Motor planning poststroke: impairment in vector‐coded reach plans
title_full Motor planning poststroke: impairment in vector‐coded reach plans
title_fullStr Motor planning poststroke: impairment in vector‐coded reach plans
title_full_unstemmed Motor planning poststroke: impairment in vector‐coded reach plans
title_short Motor planning poststroke: impairment in vector‐coded reach plans
title_sort motor planning poststroke: impairment in vector‐coded reach plans
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4760446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26660558
http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12650
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