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Sensorineural Tinnitus: Its Pathology and Probable Therapies
Tinnitus is not a single disease but a group of different diseases with different pathologies and therefore different treatments. Regarding tinnitus as a single disease is hampering progress in understanding of the pathophysiology of tinnitus and perhaps, more importantly, it is a serious obstacle i...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2016
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4761664/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26977153 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2830157 |
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author | Møller, Aage R. |
author_facet | Møller, Aage R. |
author_sort | Møller, Aage R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Tinnitus is not a single disease but a group of different diseases with different pathologies and therefore different treatments. Regarding tinnitus as a single disease is hampering progress in understanding of the pathophysiology of tinnitus and perhaps, more importantly, it is a serious obstacle in development of effective treatments for tinnitus. Subjective tinnitus is a phantom sound that takes many different forms and has similarities with chronic neuropathic pain. The pathology may be in the cochlea, in the auditory nerve, or, most commonly, in the brain. Like chronic neuropathic pain tinnitus is not life threatening but influences many normal functions such as sleep and the ability to concentrate on work. Some forms of chronic tinnitus have two components, a (phantom) sound and a component that may best be described as suffering or distress. The pathology of these two components may be different and the treatment that is most effective may be different for these two components. The most common form of treatment of tinnitus is pharmacological agents and behavioral treatment combined with sound therapy. Less common treatments are hypnosis and acupuncture. Various forms of neuromodulation are becoming in use in an attempt to reverse maladaptive plastic changes in the brain. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4761664 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47616642016-03-14 Sensorineural Tinnitus: Its Pathology and Probable Therapies Møller, Aage R. Int J Otolaryngol Review Article Tinnitus is not a single disease but a group of different diseases with different pathologies and therefore different treatments. Regarding tinnitus as a single disease is hampering progress in understanding of the pathophysiology of tinnitus and perhaps, more importantly, it is a serious obstacle in development of effective treatments for tinnitus. Subjective tinnitus is a phantom sound that takes many different forms and has similarities with chronic neuropathic pain. The pathology may be in the cochlea, in the auditory nerve, or, most commonly, in the brain. Like chronic neuropathic pain tinnitus is not life threatening but influences many normal functions such as sleep and the ability to concentrate on work. Some forms of chronic tinnitus have two components, a (phantom) sound and a component that may best be described as suffering or distress. The pathology of these two components may be different and the treatment that is most effective may be different for these two components. The most common form of treatment of tinnitus is pharmacological agents and behavioral treatment combined with sound therapy. Less common treatments are hypnosis and acupuncture. Various forms of neuromodulation are becoming in use in an attempt to reverse maladaptive plastic changes in the brain. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-02-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4761664/ /pubmed/26977153 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2830157 Text en Copyright © 2016 Aage R. Møller. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Møller, Aage R. Sensorineural Tinnitus: Its Pathology and Probable Therapies |
title | Sensorineural Tinnitus: Its Pathology and Probable Therapies |
title_full | Sensorineural Tinnitus: Its Pathology and Probable Therapies |
title_fullStr | Sensorineural Tinnitus: Its Pathology and Probable Therapies |
title_full_unstemmed | Sensorineural Tinnitus: Its Pathology and Probable Therapies |
title_short | Sensorineural Tinnitus: Its Pathology and Probable Therapies |
title_sort | sensorineural tinnitus: its pathology and probable therapies |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4761664/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26977153 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2830157 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT mølleraager sensorineuraltinnitusitspathologyandprobabletherapies |