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Association of ambulatory heart rate and atherosclerosis risk factors with blood pressure in young non-hypertensive adults
OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to assess the association between 24 h ambulatory heart rate (HR), atherosclerosis risk factors and blood pressure (BP) in young non-hypertensive patients. METHODS: We recruited 186 participants aged 18–45 years from a large urban academic Family Medicine outpatien...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4762187/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26925242 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2015-000332 |
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author | Cheng, Cynthia Daskalakis, Constantine |
author_facet | Cheng, Cynthia Daskalakis, Constantine |
author_sort | Cheng, Cynthia |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to assess the association between 24 h ambulatory heart rate (HR), atherosclerosis risk factors and blood pressure (BP) in young non-hypertensive patients. METHODS: We recruited 186 participants aged 18–45 years from a large urban academic Family Medicine outpatient practice, serving 40 000 individuals for this observational study. The main analyses were based on multiple linear regression, with mean 24 h BP (systolic BP (SBP) or diastolic BP (DBP)) as the outcomes, mean 24 h HR as the main predictor of interest, and controlling for age, gender, race, insulin sensitivity/resistance and endothelial function measured by strain gauge venous occlusion plethysmography. RESULTS: HR was independently associated with mean 24 h SBP and DBP (SBP and DBP: p=0.042 and 0.001, respectively). In our analyses, associations were markedly stronger for ambulatory compared with office BP measurements. Endothelial dysfunction was associated with higher SBP (p=0.013); plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 was significantly associated with both SBP and DBP (p=0.041 and 0.015, respectively), while insulin resistance was not associated with either SBP or DBP. Insulin resistance and C reactive protein were significant predictors of HR (p=0.013 and 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that HR may be a potential marker of elevated cardiovascular risk in young asymptomatic individuals, prior to the development of clinical hypertension or cardiovascular disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4762187 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47621872016-02-26 Association of ambulatory heart rate and atherosclerosis risk factors with blood pressure in young non-hypertensive adults Cheng, Cynthia Daskalakis, Constantine Open Heart Cardiac Risk Factors and Prevention OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to assess the association between 24 h ambulatory heart rate (HR), atherosclerosis risk factors and blood pressure (BP) in young non-hypertensive patients. METHODS: We recruited 186 participants aged 18–45 years from a large urban academic Family Medicine outpatient practice, serving 40 000 individuals for this observational study. The main analyses were based on multiple linear regression, with mean 24 h BP (systolic BP (SBP) or diastolic BP (DBP)) as the outcomes, mean 24 h HR as the main predictor of interest, and controlling for age, gender, race, insulin sensitivity/resistance and endothelial function measured by strain gauge venous occlusion plethysmography. RESULTS: HR was independently associated with mean 24 h SBP and DBP (SBP and DBP: p=0.042 and 0.001, respectively). In our analyses, associations were markedly stronger for ambulatory compared with office BP measurements. Endothelial dysfunction was associated with higher SBP (p=0.013); plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 was significantly associated with both SBP and DBP (p=0.041 and 0.015, respectively), while insulin resistance was not associated with either SBP or DBP. Insulin resistance and C reactive protein were significant predictors of HR (p=0.013 and 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that HR may be a potential marker of elevated cardiovascular risk in young asymptomatic individuals, prior to the development of clinical hypertension or cardiovascular disease. BMJ Publishing Group 2016-02-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4762187/ /pubmed/26925242 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2015-000332 Text en Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Cardiac Risk Factors and Prevention Cheng, Cynthia Daskalakis, Constantine Association of ambulatory heart rate and atherosclerosis risk factors with blood pressure in young non-hypertensive adults |
title | Association of ambulatory heart rate and atherosclerosis risk factors with blood pressure in young non-hypertensive adults |
title_full | Association of ambulatory heart rate and atherosclerosis risk factors with blood pressure in young non-hypertensive adults |
title_fullStr | Association of ambulatory heart rate and atherosclerosis risk factors with blood pressure in young non-hypertensive adults |
title_full_unstemmed | Association of ambulatory heart rate and atherosclerosis risk factors with blood pressure in young non-hypertensive adults |
title_short | Association of ambulatory heart rate and atherosclerosis risk factors with blood pressure in young non-hypertensive adults |
title_sort | association of ambulatory heart rate and atherosclerosis risk factors with blood pressure in young non-hypertensive adults |
topic | Cardiac Risk Factors and Prevention |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4762187/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26925242 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2015-000332 |
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