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Baseline HCV Antibody Prevalence and Risk Factors among Drug Users in China’s National Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common viral infection among injecting drug users worldwide. We aimed to assess HCV antibody prevalence and associated risk factors among clients in the Chinese national methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) program. METHODS: Data from 296,209 clients...

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Autores principales: Wang, Changhe, Shi, Cynthia X., Rou, Keming, Zhao, Yan, Cao, Xiaobin, Luo, Wei, Liu, Enwu, Wu, Zunyou
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4764346/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26906025
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147922
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author Wang, Changhe
Shi, Cynthia X.
Rou, Keming
Zhao, Yan
Cao, Xiaobin
Luo, Wei
Liu, Enwu
Wu, Zunyou
author_facet Wang, Changhe
Shi, Cynthia X.
Rou, Keming
Zhao, Yan
Cao, Xiaobin
Luo, Wei
Liu, Enwu
Wu, Zunyou
author_sort Wang, Changhe
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common viral infection among injecting drug users worldwide. We aimed to assess HCV antibody prevalence and associated risk factors among clients in the Chinese national methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) program. METHODS: Data from 296,209 clients who enrolled in the national MMT program between March 2004 and December 2012 were analyzed to assess HCV antibody prevalence, associated risk factors, and geographical distribution. RESULTS: Anti-HCV screening was positive for 54.6% of clients upon MMT entry between 2004 and 2012. HCV antibody prevalence at entry declined from 66.8% in 2005 to 45.9% in 2012. The most significant predictors of HCV seropositivity were injecting drug use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 8.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.17–8.52, p<0.0001) and a history of drug use ≥9 years (AOR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.96–2.06, p<0.0001). Being female, of Uyghur or Zhuang ethnicity, and unmarried were identified as demographic risk factors (all p-values<0.0001). Of the 28 provincial-level divisions included in the study, we found that 5 divisions had HCV antibody prevalence above 70% and 20 divisions above 50%. The HCV screening rate within 6 months after MMT entry greatly increased from 30.4% in 2004 to 93.1% in 2012. CONCLUSIONS: The current HCV antibody prevalence remains alarmingly high among MMT clients throughout most provincial-level divisions in China, particularly among injecting drug users and females. A comprehensive prevention strategy is needed to control the HCV epidemic among MMT clients in China.
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spelling pubmed-47643462016-03-07 Baseline HCV Antibody Prevalence and Risk Factors among Drug Users in China’s National Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program Wang, Changhe Shi, Cynthia X. Rou, Keming Zhao, Yan Cao, Xiaobin Luo, Wei Liu, Enwu Wu, Zunyou PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common viral infection among injecting drug users worldwide. We aimed to assess HCV antibody prevalence and associated risk factors among clients in the Chinese national methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) program. METHODS: Data from 296,209 clients who enrolled in the national MMT program between March 2004 and December 2012 were analyzed to assess HCV antibody prevalence, associated risk factors, and geographical distribution. RESULTS: Anti-HCV screening was positive for 54.6% of clients upon MMT entry between 2004 and 2012. HCV antibody prevalence at entry declined from 66.8% in 2005 to 45.9% in 2012. The most significant predictors of HCV seropositivity were injecting drug use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 8.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.17–8.52, p<0.0001) and a history of drug use ≥9 years (AOR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.96–2.06, p<0.0001). Being female, of Uyghur or Zhuang ethnicity, and unmarried were identified as demographic risk factors (all p-values<0.0001). Of the 28 provincial-level divisions included in the study, we found that 5 divisions had HCV antibody prevalence above 70% and 20 divisions above 50%. The HCV screening rate within 6 months after MMT entry greatly increased from 30.4% in 2004 to 93.1% in 2012. CONCLUSIONS: The current HCV antibody prevalence remains alarmingly high among MMT clients throughout most provincial-level divisions in China, particularly among injecting drug users and females. A comprehensive prevention strategy is needed to control the HCV epidemic among MMT clients in China. Public Library of Science 2016-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC4764346/ /pubmed/26906025 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147922 Text en © 2016 Wang et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Wang, Changhe
Shi, Cynthia X.
Rou, Keming
Zhao, Yan
Cao, Xiaobin
Luo, Wei
Liu, Enwu
Wu, Zunyou
Baseline HCV Antibody Prevalence and Risk Factors among Drug Users in China’s National Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program
title Baseline HCV Antibody Prevalence and Risk Factors among Drug Users in China’s National Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program
title_full Baseline HCV Antibody Prevalence and Risk Factors among Drug Users in China’s National Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program
title_fullStr Baseline HCV Antibody Prevalence and Risk Factors among Drug Users in China’s National Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program
title_full_unstemmed Baseline HCV Antibody Prevalence and Risk Factors among Drug Users in China’s National Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program
title_short Baseline HCV Antibody Prevalence and Risk Factors among Drug Users in China’s National Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program
title_sort baseline hcv antibody prevalence and risk factors among drug users in china’s national methadone maintenance treatment program
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4764346/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26906025
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147922
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