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Novel Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease in adults and children worldwide. NAFLD has become a severe health issue and it can progress towards a more severe form of the disease, the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A combination of envir...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Povero, Davide, Feldstein, Ariel E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Korean Diabetes Association 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4768045/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26912150
http://dx.doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2016.40.1.1
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author Povero, Davide
Feldstein, Ariel E.
author_facet Povero, Davide
Feldstein, Ariel E.
author_sort Povero, Davide
collection PubMed
description Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease in adults and children worldwide. NAFLD has become a severe health issue and it can progress towards a more severe form of the disease, the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A combination of environmental factors, host genetics, and gut microbiota leads to excessive accumulation of lipids in the liver (steatosis), which may result in lipotoxicity and trigger hepatocyte cell death, liver inflammation, fibrosis, and pathological angiogenesis. NASH can further progress towards liver cirrhosis and cancer. Over the last few years, cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as effective cell-to-cell messengers that transfer several bioactive molecules in target cells, modulating the pathogenesis and progression of NASH. In this review, we focused on recently highlighted aspects of molecular pathogenesis of NASH, mediated by EVs via their bioactive components. The studies included in this review summarize the state of art regarding the role of EVs during the progression of NASH and bring novel insight about the potential use of EVs for diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for patients with this disease.
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spelling pubmed-47680452016-02-26 Novel Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Povero, Davide Feldstein, Ariel E. Diabetes Metab J Review Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease in adults and children worldwide. NAFLD has become a severe health issue and it can progress towards a more severe form of the disease, the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A combination of environmental factors, host genetics, and gut microbiota leads to excessive accumulation of lipids in the liver (steatosis), which may result in lipotoxicity and trigger hepatocyte cell death, liver inflammation, fibrosis, and pathological angiogenesis. NASH can further progress towards liver cirrhosis and cancer. Over the last few years, cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as effective cell-to-cell messengers that transfer several bioactive molecules in target cells, modulating the pathogenesis and progression of NASH. In this review, we focused on recently highlighted aspects of molecular pathogenesis of NASH, mediated by EVs via their bioactive components. The studies included in this review summarize the state of art regarding the role of EVs during the progression of NASH and bring novel insight about the potential use of EVs for diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for patients with this disease. Korean Diabetes Association 2016-02 2016-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4768045/ /pubmed/26912150 http://dx.doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2016.40.1.1 Text en Copyright © 2016 Korean Diabetes Association http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Povero, Davide
Feldstein, Ariel E.
Novel Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
title Novel Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
title_full Novel Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
title_fullStr Novel Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
title_full_unstemmed Novel Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
title_short Novel Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
title_sort novel molecular mechanisms in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4768045/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26912150
http://dx.doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2016.40.1.1
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