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Responses of microbial community from tropical pristine coastal soil to crude oil contamination

Brazilian offshore crude oil exploration has increased after the discovery of new reservoirs in the region known as pré-sal, in a depth of 7.000 m under the water surface. Oceanic islands near these areas represent sensitive environments, where changes in microbial communities due oil contamination...

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Autores principales: Morais, Daniel, Pylro, Victor, Clark, Ian M., Hirsch, Penny R., Tótola, Marcos R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4768689/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26925341
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1733
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author Morais, Daniel
Pylro, Victor
Clark, Ian M.
Hirsch, Penny R.
Tótola, Marcos R.
author_facet Morais, Daniel
Pylro, Victor
Clark, Ian M.
Hirsch, Penny R.
Tótola, Marcos R.
author_sort Morais, Daniel
collection PubMed
description Brazilian offshore crude oil exploration has increased after the discovery of new reservoirs in the region known as pré-sal, in a depth of 7.000 m under the water surface. Oceanic islands near these areas represent sensitive environments, where changes in microbial communities due oil contamination could stand for the loss of metabolic functions, with catastrophic effects to the soil services provided from these locations. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of petroleum contamination on microbial community shifts (Archaea, Bacteria and Fungi) from Trindade Island coastal soils. Microcosms were assembled and divided in two treatments, control and contaminated (weathered crude oil at the concentration of 30 g kg(−1)), in triplicate. Soils were incubated for 38 days, with CO(2) measurements every four hours. After incubation, the total DNA was extracted, purified and submitted for target sequencing of 16S rDNA, for Bacteria and Archaea domains and Fungal ITS1 region, using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Three days after contamination, the CO(2) emission rate peaked at more than 20 × the control and the emissions remained higher during the whole incubation period. Microbial alpha-diversity was reduced for contaminated-samples. Fungal relative abundance of contaminated samples was reduced to almost 40% of the total observed species. Taxonomy comparisons showed rise of the Actinobacteria phylum, shifts in several Proteobacteria classes and reduction of the Archaea class Nitrososphaerales. This is the first effort in acquiring knowledge concerning the effect of crude oil contamination in soils of a Brazilian oceanic island. This information is important to guide any future bioremediation strategy that can be required.
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spelling pubmed-47686892016-02-26 Responses of microbial community from tropical pristine coastal soil to crude oil contamination Morais, Daniel Pylro, Victor Clark, Ian M. Hirsch, Penny R. Tótola, Marcos R. PeerJ Biodiversity Brazilian offshore crude oil exploration has increased after the discovery of new reservoirs in the region known as pré-sal, in a depth of 7.000 m under the water surface. Oceanic islands near these areas represent sensitive environments, where changes in microbial communities due oil contamination could stand for the loss of metabolic functions, with catastrophic effects to the soil services provided from these locations. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of petroleum contamination on microbial community shifts (Archaea, Bacteria and Fungi) from Trindade Island coastal soils. Microcosms were assembled and divided in two treatments, control and contaminated (weathered crude oil at the concentration of 30 g kg(−1)), in triplicate. Soils were incubated for 38 days, with CO(2) measurements every four hours. After incubation, the total DNA was extracted, purified and submitted for target sequencing of 16S rDNA, for Bacteria and Archaea domains and Fungal ITS1 region, using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Three days after contamination, the CO(2) emission rate peaked at more than 20 × the control and the emissions remained higher during the whole incubation period. Microbial alpha-diversity was reduced for contaminated-samples. Fungal relative abundance of contaminated samples was reduced to almost 40% of the total observed species. Taxonomy comparisons showed rise of the Actinobacteria phylum, shifts in several Proteobacteria classes and reduction of the Archaea class Nitrososphaerales. This is the first effort in acquiring knowledge concerning the effect of crude oil contamination in soils of a Brazilian oceanic island. This information is important to guide any future bioremediation strategy that can be required. PeerJ Inc. 2016-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4768689/ /pubmed/26925341 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1733 Text en ©2016 Morais et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Biodiversity
Morais, Daniel
Pylro, Victor
Clark, Ian M.
Hirsch, Penny R.
Tótola, Marcos R.
Responses of microbial community from tropical pristine coastal soil to crude oil contamination
title Responses of microbial community from tropical pristine coastal soil to crude oil contamination
title_full Responses of microbial community from tropical pristine coastal soil to crude oil contamination
title_fullStr Responses of microbial community from tropical pristine coastal soil to crude oil contamination
title_full_unstemmed Responses of microbial community from tropical pristine coastal soil to crude oil contamination
title_short Responses of microbial community from tropical pristine coastal soil to crude oil contamination
title_sort responses of microbial community from tropical pristine coastal soil to crude oil contamination
topic Biodiversity
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4768689/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26925341
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1733
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