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Detection of cancer through exhaled breath: a systematic review

BACKGROUND: Timely diagnosis of cancer represents a challenging task; in particular, there is a need for reliable non-invasive screening tools that could achieve high levels of adherence at virtually no risk in population-based screening. In this review, we summarize the current evidence of exhaled...

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Autores principales: Krilaviciute, Agne, Heiss, Jonathan Alexander, Leja, Marcis, Kupcinskas, Juozas, Haick, Hossam, Brenner, Hermann
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Impact Journals LLC 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4770726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26440312
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author Krilaviciute, Agne
Heiss, Jonathan Alexander
Leja, Marcis
Kupcinskas, Juozas
Haick, Hossam
Brenner, Hermann
author_facet Krilaviciute, Agne
Heiss, Jonathan Alexander
Leja, Marcis
Kupcinskas, Juozas
Haick, Hossam
Brenner, Hermann
author_sort Krilaviciute, Agne
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Timely diagnosis of cancer represents a challenging task; in particular, there is a need for reliable non-invasive screening tools that could achieve high levels of adherence at virtually no risk in population-based screening. In this review, we summarize the current evidence of exhaled breath analysis for cancer detection using standard analysis techniques and electronic nose. METHODS: Relevant studies were identified searching Pubmed and Web of Science databases until April 30, 2015. Information on breath test performance, such as sensitivity and specificity, was extracted together with volatile compounds that were used to discriminate cancer patients from controls. Performance of different breath analysis techniques is provided for various cancers together with information on methodological issues, such as breath sampling protocol and validation of the results. RESULTS: Overall, 73 studies were included, where two-thirds of the studies were conducted on lung cancer. Good discrimination usually required a combination of multiple biomarkers, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve or accuracy reached levels of 0.9 or higher in multiple studies. In 25% of the reported studies, classification models were built and validated on the same datasets. Huge variability was seen in different aspects among the studies. CONCLUSIONS: Analyses of exhaled breath yielded promising results, although standardization of breath collection, sample storage and data handling remain critical issues. In order to foster breath analysis implementation into practice, larger studies should be implemented in true screening settings, paying particular attention to standardization in breath collection, consideration of covariates, and validation in independent population samples.
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spelling pubmed-47707262016-03-21 Detection of cancer through exhaled breath: a systematic review Krilaviciute, Agne Heiss, Jonathan Alexander Leja, Marcis Kupcinskas, Juozas Haick, Hossam Brenner, Hermann Oncotarget Review BACKGROUND: Timely diagnosis of cancer represents a challenging task; in particular, there is a need for reliable non-invasive screening tools that could achieve high levels of adherence at virtually no risk in population-based screening. In this review, we summarize the current evidence of exhaled breath analysis for cancer detection using standard analysis techniques and electronic nose. METHODS: Relevant studies were identified searching Pubmed and Web of Science databases until April 30, 2015. Information on breath test performance, such as sensitivity and specificity, was extracted together with volatile compounds that were used to discriminate cancer patients from controls. Performance of different breath analysis techniques is provided for various cancers together with information on methodological issues, such as breath sampling protocol and validation of the results. RESULTS: Overall, 73 studies were included, where two-thirds of the studies were conducted on lung cancer. Good discrimination usually required a combination of multiple biomarkers, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve or accuracy reached levels of 0.9 or higher in multiple studies. In 25% of the reported studies, classification models were built and validated on the same datasets. Huge variability was seen in different aspects among the studies. CONCLUSIONS: Analyses of exhaled breath yielded promising results, although standardization of breath collection, sample storage and data handling remain critical issues. In order to foster breath analysis implementation into practice, larger studies should be implemented in true screening settings, paying particular attention to standardization in breath collection, consideration of covariates, and validation in independent population samples. Impact Journals LLC 2015-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4770726/ /pubmed/26440312 Text en Copyright: © 2015 Krilaviciute et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Review
Krilaviciute, Agne
Heiss, Jonathan Alexander
Leja, Marcis
Kupcinskas, Juozas
Haick, Hossam
Brenner, Hermann
Detection of cancer through exhaled breath: a systematic review
title Detection of cancer through exhaled breath: a systematic review
title_full Detection of cancer through exhaled breath: a systematic review
title_fullStr Detection of cancer through exhaled breath: a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Detection of cancer through exhaled breath: a systematic review
title_short Detection of cancer through exhaled breath: a systematic review
title_sort detection of cancer through exhaled breath: a systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4770726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26440312
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