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In the interests of time: improving HIV allocative efficiency modelling via optimal time-varying allocations

INTRODUCTION: International investment in the response to HIV and AIDS has plateaued and its future level is uncertain. With many countries committed to ending the epidemic, it is essential to allocate available resources efficiently over different response periods to maximize impact. The objective...

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Autores principales: Shattock, Andrew J, Kerr, Cliff C, Stuart, Robyn M, Masaki, Emiko, Fraser, Nicole, Benedikt, Clemens, Gorgens, Marelize, Wilson, David P, Gray, Richard T
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: International AIDS Society 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4770825/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26928810
http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.19.1.20627
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author Shattock, Andrew J
Kerr, Cliff C
Stuart, Robyn M
Masaki, Emiko
Fraser, Nicole
Benedikt, Clemens
Gorgens, Marelize
Wilson, David P
Gray, Richard T
author_facet Shattock, Andrew J
Kerr, Cliff C
Stuart, Robyn M
Masaki, Emiko
Fraser, Nicole
Benedikt, Clemens
Gorgens, Marelize
Wilson, David P
Gray, Richard T
author_sort Shattock, Andrew J
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: International investment in the response to HIV and AIDS has plateaued and its future level is uncertain. With many countries committed to ending the epidemic, it is essential to allocate available resources efficiently over different response periods to maximize impact. The objective of this study is to propose a technique to determine the optimal allocation of funds over time across a set of HIV programmes to achieve desirable health outcomes. METHODS: We developed a technique to determine the optimal time-varying allocation of funds (1) when the future annual HIV budget is pre-defined and (2) when the total budget over a period is pre-defined, but the year-on-year budget is to be optimally determined. We use this methodology with Optima, an HIV transmission model that uses non-linear relationships between programme spending and associated programmatic outcomes to quantify the expected epidemiological impact of spending. We apply these methods to data collected from Zambia to determine the optimal distribution of resources to fund the right programmes, for the right people, at the right time. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Considering realistic implementation and ethical constraints, we estimate that the optimal time-varying redistribution of the 2014 Zambian HIV budget between 2015 and 2025 will lead to a 7.6% (7.3% to 7.8%) decrease in cumulative new HIV infections compared with a baseline scenario where programme allocations remain at 2014 levels. This compares to a 5.1% (4.6% to 5.6%) reduction in new infections using an optimal allocation with constant programme spending that recommends unrealistic programmatic changes. Contrasting priorities for programme funding arise when assessing outcomes for a five-year funding period over 5-, 10- and 20-year time horizons. CONCLUSIONS: Countries increasingly face the need to do more with the resources available. The methodology presented here can aid decision-makers in planning as to when to expand or contract programmes and to which coverage levels to maximize impact.
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spelling pubmed-47708252016-03-01 In the interests of time: improving HIV allocative efficiency modelling via optimal time-varying allocations Shattock, Andrew J Kerr, Cliff C Stuart, Robyn M Masaki, Emiko Fraser, Nicole Benedikt, Clemens Gorgens, Marelize Wilson, David P Gray, Richard T J Int AIDS Soc Research Article INTRODUCTION: International investment in the response to HIV and AIDS has plateaued and its future level is uncertain. With many countries committed to ending the epidemic, it is essential to allocate available resources efficiently over different response periods to maximize impact. The objective of this study is to propose a technique to determine the optimal allocation of funds over time across a set of HIV programmes to achieve desirable health outcomes. METHODS: We developed a technique to determine the optimal time-varying allocation of funds (1) when the future annual HIV budget is pre-defined and (2) when the total budget over a period is pre-defined, but the year-on-year budget is to be optimally determined. We use this methodology with Optima, an HIV transmission model that uses non-linear relationships between programme spending and associated programmatic outcomes to quantify the expected epidemiological impact of spending. We apply these methods to data collected from Zambia to determine the optimal distribution of resources to fund the right programmes, for the right people, at the right time. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Considering realistic implementation and ethical constraints, we estimate that the optimal time-varying redistribution of the 2014 Zambian HIV budget between 2015 and 2025 will lead to a 7.6% (7.3% to 7.8%) decrease in cumulative new HIV infections compared with a baseline scenario where programme allocations remain at 2014 levels. This compares to a 5.1% (4.6% to 5.6%) reduction in new infections using an optimal allocation with constant programme spending that recommends unrealistic programmatic changes. Contrasting priorities for programme funding arise when assessing outcomes for a five-year funding period over 5-, 10- and 20-year time horizons. CONCLUSIONS: Countries increasingly face the need to do more with the resources available. The methodology presented here can aid decision-makers in planning as to when to expand or contract programmes and to which coverage levels to maximize impact. International AIDS Society 2016-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC4770825/ /pubmed/26928810 http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.19.1.20627 Text en © 2016 Shattock AJ et al; licensee International AIDS Society http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Shattock, Andrew J
Kerr, Cliff C
Stuart, Robyn M
Masaki, Emiko
Fraser, Nicole
Benedikt, Clemens
Gorgens, Marelize
Wilson, David P
Gray, Richard T
In the interests of time: improving HIV allocative efficiency modelling via optimal time-varying allocations
title In the interests of time: improving HIV allocative efficiency modelling via optimal time-varying allocations
title_full In the interests of time: improving HIV allocative efficiency modelling via optimal time-varying allocations
title_fullStr In the interests of time: improving HIV allocative efficiency modelling via optimal time-varying allocations
title_full_unstemmed In the interests of time: improving HIV allocative efficiency modelling via optimal time-varying allocations
title_short In the interests of time: improving HIV allocative efficiency modelling via optimal time-varying allocations
title_sort in the interests of time: improving hiv allocative efficiency modelling via optimal time-varying allocations
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4770825/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26928810
http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.19.1.20627
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