Cargando…
IL-21 Signaling in Immunity
IL-21 is a type I cytokine produced by T cells and natural killer T cells that has pleiotropic actions on a wide range of immune and non-immune cell types. Since its discovery in 2000, extensive studies on the biological actions of IL-21 have been performed in vitro and in vivo. Recent reports descr...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
F1000Research
2016
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4770986/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26966515 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.7634.1 |
_version_ | 1782418353600593920 |
---|---|
author | Leonard, Warren J. Wan, Chi-Keung |
author_facet | Leonard, Warren J. Wan, Chi-Keung |
author_sort | Leonard, Warren J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | IL-21 is a type I cytokine produced by T cells and natural killer T cells that has pleiotropic actions on a wide range of immune and non-immune cell types. Since its discovery in 2000, extensive studies on the biological actions of IL-21 have been performed in vitro and in vivo. Recent reports describing patients with primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations of IL21 or IL21R have further deepened our knowledge of the role of this cytokine in host defense. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that mediate IL-21’s actions has provided the rationale for targeting IL-21 and IL-21 downstream mediators for therapeutic purposes. The use of next-generation sequencing technology has provided further insights into the complexity of IL-21 signaling and has identified transcription factors and co-factors involved in mediating the actions of this cytokine. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the biology and signaling of IL-21 and how this knowledge can be potentially translated into clinical settings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4770986 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | F1000Research |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47709862016-03-09 IL-21 Signaling in Immunity Leonard, Warren J. Wan, Chi-Keung F1000Res Review IL-21 is a type I cytokine produced by T cells and natural killer T cells that has pleiotropic actions on a wide range of immune and non-immune cell types. Since its discovery in 2000, extensive studies on the biological actions of IL-21 have been performed in vitro and in vivo. Recent reports describing patients with primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations of IL21 or IL21R have further deepened our knowledge of the role of this cytokine in host defense. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that mediate IL-21’s actions has provided the rationale for targeting IL-21 and IL-21 downstream mediators for therapeutic purposes. The use of next-generation sequencing technology has provided further insights into the complexity of IL-21 signaling and has identified transcription factors and co-factors involved in mediating the actions of this cytokine. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the biology and signaling of IL-21 and how this knowledge can be potentially translated into clinical settings. F1000Research 2016-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4770986/ /pubmed/26966515 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.7634.1 Text en Copyright: © 2016 Leonard WJ and Wan CK http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The author(s) is/are employees of the US Government and therefore domestic copyright protection in USA does not apply to this work. The work may be protected under the copyright laws of other jurisdictions when used in those jurisdictions. |
spellingShingle | Review Leonard, Warren J. Wan, Chi-Keung IL-21 Signaling in Immunity |
title | IL-21 Signaling in Immunity |
title_full | IL-21 Signaling in Immunity |
title_fullStr | IL-21 Signaling in Immunity |
title_full_unstemmed | IL-21 Signaling in Immunity |
title_short | IL-21 Signaling in Immunity |
title_sort | il-21 signaling in immunity |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4770986/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26966515 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.7634.1 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT leonardwarrenj il21signalinginimmunity AT wanchikeung il21signalinginimmunity |