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Prevalence of Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and Strongyloides in pre-weaned calves on smallholder dairy farms in Mukurwe-ini district, Kenya

AIM: Gastrointestinal diseases are among the leading causes of calf morbidity and mortality in Kenya and elsewhere. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and Strongyloides in calves on smallholder dairy farms (SDF) in Mukurwe-ini District, Nyeri C...

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Autores principales: Peter, Getrude Shepelo, Gitau, George Karuoya, Mulei, Charles Matiku, Vanleeuwen, John, Richards, Shauna, Wichtel, Jeff, Uehlinger, Fabienne, Mainga, Omwando
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Veterinary World 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4774781/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27047207
http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2015.1118-1125
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author Peter, Getrude Shepelo
Gitau, George Karuoya
Mulei, Charles Matiku
Vanleeuwen, John
Richards, Shauna
Wichtel, Jeff
Uehlinger, Fabienne
Mainga, Omwando
author_facet Peter, Getrude Shepelo
Gitau, George Karuoya
Mulei, Charles Matiku
Vanleeuwen, John
Richards, Shauna
Wichtel, Jeff
Uehlinger, Fabienne
Mainga, Omwando
author_sort Peter, Getrude Shepelo
collection PubMed
description AIM: Gastrointestinal diseases are among the leading causes of calf morbidity and mortality in Kenya and elsewhere. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and Strongyloides in calves on smallholder dairy farms (SDF) in Mukurwe-ini District, Nyeri County, Kenya. These infections have been associated with economic losses by decreased growth rates, decreased productivity, and increased susceptibility to other diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational study was conducted on 109 farms in Mukurwe-ini District, Nyeri County, Kenya, where 220 calf fecal samples (each calf at 4 and 6 weeks of age) from 110 calves (1 set of twins) were collected and analyzed for Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and helminth parasites. RESULTS: Eimeria oocysts, Cryptosporidia oocysts, and Strongyloides eggs were detected in the fecal samples examined, but no Giardia cysts were found. The overall period prevalence of Eimeria, Cryptosporidia, and Strongyloides was 42.7% (47/110), 13.6% (15/110), and 5.4% (6/110), respectively. The prevalence at 4 weeks of age for Eimeria, Cryptosporidia, and Strongyloides was 30.0% (33/110), 8.2% (9/110), and 3.7% (4/109), respectively, while the prevalence at 6 weeks of age was 20.2% (22/109), 6.5% (7/107), and 2.7% (3/110), respectively. There was, however, no significant difference in the prevalence at 4 and 6 weeks (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Findings from this study show that Eimeria, Cryptosporidia, and Strongyloides, are prevalent in the study area and indicate the need to adopt optimal management practices to control infections in calves.
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spelling pubmed-47747812016-04-04 Prevalence of Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and Strongyloides in pre-weaned calves on smallholder dairy farms in Mukurwe-ini district, Kenya Peter, Getrude Shepelo Gitau, George Karuoya Mulei, Charles Matiku Vanleeuwen, John Richards, Shauna Wichtel, Jeff Uehlinger, Fabienne Mainga, Omwando Vet World Research Article AIM: Gastrointestinal diseases are among the leading causes of calf morbidity and mortality in Kenya and elsewhere. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and Strongyloides in calves on smallholder dairy farms (SDF) in Mukurwe-ini District, Nyeri County, Kenya. These infections have been associated with economic losses by decreased growth rates, decreased productivity, and increased susceptibility to other diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational study was conducted on 109 farms in Mukurwe-ini District, Nyeri County, Kenya, where 220 calf fecal samples (each calf at 4 and 6 weeks of age) from 110 calves (1 set of twins) were collected and analyzed for Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and helminth parasites. RESULTS: Eimeria oocysts, Cryptosporidia oocysts, and Strongyloides eggs were detected in the fecal samples examined, but no Giardia cysts were found. The overall period prevalence of Eimeria, Cryptosporidia, and Strongyloides was 42.7% (47/110), 13.6% (15/110), and 5.4% (6/110), respectively. The prevalence at 4 weeks of age for Eimeria, Cryptosporidia, and Strongyloides was 30.0% (33/110), 8.2% (9/110), and 3.7% (4/109), respectively, while the prevalence at 6 weeks of age was 20.2% (22/109), 6.5% (7/107), and 2.7% (3/110), respectively. There was, however, no significant difference in the prevalence at 4 and 6 weeks (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Findings from this study show that Eimeria, Cryptosporidia, and Strongyloides, are prevalent in the study area and indicate the need to adopt optimal management practices to control infections in calves. Veterinary World 2015-09 2015-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4774781/ /pubmed/27047207 http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2015.1118-1125 Text en Copyright: The authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This article is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attributin License (http://creative commons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Peter, Getrude Shepelo
Gitau, George Karuoya
Mulei, Charles Matiku
Vanleeuwen, John
Richards, Shauna
Wichtel, Jeff
Uehlinger, Fabienne
Mainga, Omwando
Prevalence of Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and Strongyloides in pre-weaned calves on smallholder dairy farms in Mukurwe-ini district, Kenya
title Prevalence of Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and Strongyloides in pre-weaned calves on smallholder dairy farms in Mukurwe-ini district, Kenya
title_full Prevalence of Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and Strongyloides in pre-weaned calves on smallholder dairy farms in Mukurwe-ini district, Kenya
title_fullStr Prevalence of Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and Strongyloides in pre-weaned calves on smallholder dairy farms in Mukurwe-ini district, Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and Strongyloides in pre-weaned calves on smallholder dairy farms in Mukurwe-ini district, Kenya
title_short Prevalence of Cryptosporidia, Eimeria, Giardia, and Strongyloides in pre-weaned calves on smallholder dairy farms in Mukurwe-ini district, Kenya
title_sort prevalence of cryptosporidia, eimeria, giardia, and strongyloides in pre-weaned calves on smallholder dairy farms in mukurwe-ini district, kenya
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4774781/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27047207
http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2015.1118-1125
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