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Soil Respiration and Bacterial Structure and Function after 17 Years of a Reciprocal Soil Transplant Experiment
The effects of climate change on soil organic matter—its structure, microbial community, carbon storage, and respiration response—remain uncertain and widely debated. In addition, the effects of climate changes on ecosystem structure and function are often modulated or delayed, meaning that short-te...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4775055/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26934712 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150599 |
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author | Bond-Lamberty, Ben Bolton, Harvey Fansler, Sarah Heredia-Langner, Alejandro Liu, Chongxuan McCue, Lee Ann Smith, Jeffrey Bailey, Vanessa |
author_facet | Bond-Lamberty, Ben Bolton, Harvey Fansler, Sarah Heredia-Langner, Alejandro Liu, Chongxuan McCue, Lee Ann Smith, Jeffrey Bailey, Vanessa |
author_sort | Bond-Lamberty, Ben |
collection | PubMed |
description | The effects of climate change on soil organic matter—its structure, microbial community, carbon storage, and respiration response—remain uncertain and widely debated. In addition, the effects of climate changes on ecosystem structure and function are often modulated or delayed, meaning that short-term experiments are not sufficient to characterize ecosystem responses. This study capitalized on a long-term reciprocal soil transplant experiment to examine the response of dryland soils to climate change. The two transplant sites were separated by 500 m of elevation on the same mountain slope in eastern Washington state, USA, and had similar plant species and soil types. We resampled the original 1994 soil transplants and controls, measuring CO(2) production, temperature response, enzyme activity, and bacterial community structure after 17 years. Over a laboratory incubation of 100 days, reciprocally transplanted soils respired roughly equal cumulative amounts of carbon as non-transplanted controls from the same site. Soils transplanted from the hot, dry, lower site to the cooler and wetter (difference of -5°C monthly maximum air temperature, +50 mm yr(-1) precipitation) upper site exhibited almost no respiratory response to temperature (Q(10) of 1.1), but soils originally from the upper, cooler site had generally higher respiration rates. The bacterial community structure of transplants did not differ significantly from that of untransplanted controls, however. Slight differences in local climate between the upper and lower Rattlesnake locations, simulated with environmental control chambers during the incubation, thus prompted significant differences in microbial activity, with no observed change to bacterial structure. These results support the idea that environmental shifts can influence soil C through metabolic changes, and suggest that microbial populations responsible for soil heterotrophic respiration may be constrained in surprising ways, even as shorter- and longer-term soil microbial dynamics may be significantly different under changing climate. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4775055 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47750552016-03-10 Soil Respiration and Bacterial Structure and Function after 17 Years of a Reciprocal Soil Transplant Experiment Bond-Lamberty, Ben Bolton, Harvey Fansler, Sarah Heredia-Langner, Alejandro Liu, Chongxuan McCue, Lee Ann Smith, Jeffrey Bailey, Vanessa PLoS One Research Article The effects of climate change on soil organic matter—its structure, microbial community, carbon storage, and respiration response—remain uncertain and widely debated. In addition, the effects of climate changes on ecosystem structure and function are often modulated or delayed, meaning that short-term experiments are not sufficient to characterize ecosystem responses. This study capitalized on a long-term reciprocal soil transplant experiment to examine the response of dryland soils to climate change. The two transplant sites were separated by 500 m of elevation on the same mountain slope in eastern Washington state, USA, and had similar plant species and soil types. We resampled the original 1994 soil transplants and controls, measuring CO(2) production, temperature response, enzyme activity, and bacterial community structure after 17 years. Over a laboratory incubation of 100 days, reciprocally transplanted soils respired roughly equal cumulative amounts of carbon as non-transplanted controls from the same site. Soils transplanted from the hot, dry, lower site to the cooler and wetter (difference of -5°C monthly maximum air temperature, +50 mm yr(-1) precipitation) upper site exhibited almost no respiratory response to temperature (Q(10) of 1.1), but soils originally from the upper, cooler site had generally higher respiration rates. The bacterial community structure of transplants did not differ significantly from that of untransplanted controls, however. Slight differences in local climate between the upper and lower Rattlesnake locations, simulated with environmental control chambers during the incubation, thus prompted significant differences in microbial activity, with no observed change to bacterial structure. These results support the idea that environmental shifts can influence soil C through metabolic changes, and suggest that microbial populations responsible for soil heterotrophic respiration may be constrained in surprising ways, even as shorter- and longer-term soil microbial dynamics may be significantly different under changing climate. Public Library of Science 2016-03-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4775055/ /pubmed/26934712 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150599 Text en © 2016 Bond-Lamberty et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Bond-Lamberty, Ben Bolton, Harvey Fansler, Sarah Heredia-Langner, Alejandro Liu, Chongxuan McCue, Lee Ann Smith, Jeffrey Bailey, Vanessa Soil Respiration and Bacterial Structure and Function after 17 Years of a Reciprocal Soil Transplant Experiment |
title | Soil Respiration and Bacterial Structure and Function after 17 Years of a Reciprocal Soil Transplant Experiment |
title_full | Soil Respiration and Bacterial Structure and Function after 17 Years of a Reciprocal Soil Transplant Experiment |
title_fullStr | Soil Respiration and Bacterial Structure and Function after 17 Years of a Reciprocal Soil Transplant Experiment |
title_full_unstemmed | Soil Respiration and Bacterial Structure and Function after 17 Years of a Reciprocal Soil Transplant Experiment |
title_short | Soil Respiration and Bacterial Structure and Function after 17 Years of a Reciprocal Soil Transplant Experiment |
title_sort | soil respiration and bacterial structure and function after 17 years of a reciprocal soil transplant experiment |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4775055/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26934712 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150599 |
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