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Island time and the interplay between ecology and evolution in species diversification

Research on the dynamics of biodiversity has progressed tremendously over recent years, although in two separate directions – ecological, to determine change over space at a given time, and evolutionary, to understand change over time. Integration of these approaches has remained elusive. Archipelag...

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Autor principal: Gillespie, Rosemary G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4780372/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27087839
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12302
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author Gillespie, Rosemary G.
author_facet Gillespie, Rosemary G.
author_sort Gillespie, Rosemary G.
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description Research on the dynamics of biodiversity has progressed tremendously over recent years, although in two separate directions – ecological, to determine change over space at a given time, and evolutionary, to understand change over time. Integration of these approaches has remained elusive. Archipelagoes with a known geological chronology provide an opportunity to study ecological interactions over evolutionary time. Here, I focus on the Hawaiian archipelago and summarize the development of ecological and evolutionary research; I emphasize spiders because they have attributes allowing analysis of ecological affinities in concert with diversification. Within this framework, I highlight recent insights from the island chronosequence, in particular the importance of (i) selection and genetic drift in generating diversity; (ii) fusion and fission in fostering diversification; and (iii) variability upon which selection can act. Insights into biodiversity dynamics at the nexus of ecology and evolution are now achievable by integrating new tools, in particular (i) ecological metrics (interaction networks, maximum entropy inference) across the chronosequence to uncover community dynamics and (ii) genomic tools to understand contemporaneous microevolutionary change. The work can inform applications of invasion and restoration ecology by elucidating the importance of changes in abundances, interaction strengths, and rates of evolutionary response in shaping biodiversity.
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spelling pubmed-47803722016-04-15 Island time and the interplay between ecology and evolution in species diversification Gillespie, Rosemary G. Evol Appl Review and Syntheses Research on the dynamics of biodiversity has progressed tremendously over recent years, although in two separate directions – ecological, to determine change over space at a given time, and evolutionary, to understand change over time. Integration of these approaches has remained elusive. Archipelagoes with a known geological chronology provide an opportunity to study ecological interactions over evolutionary time. Here, I focus on the Hawaiian archipelago and summarize the development of ecological and evolutionary research; I emphasize spiders because they have attributes allowing analysis of ecological affinities in concert with diversification. Within this framework, I highlight recent insights from the island chronosequence, in particular the importance of (i) selection and genetic drift in generating diversity; (ii) fusion and fission in fostering diversification; and (iii) variability upon which selection can act. Insights into biodiversity dynamics at the nexus of ecology and evolution are now achievable by integrating new tools, in particular (i) ecological metrics (interaction networks, maximum entropy inference) across the chronosequence to uncover community dynamics and (ii) genomic tools to understand contemporaneous microevolutionary change. The work can inform applications of invasion and restoration ecology by elucidating the importance of changes in abundances, interaction strengths, and rates of evolutionary response in shaping biodiversity. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2015-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4780372/ /pubmed/27087839 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12302 Text en © 2015 The Author. Evolutionary Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review and Syntheses
Gillespie, Rosemary G.
Island time and the interplay between ecology and evolution in species diversification
title Island time and the interplay between ecology and evolution in species diversification
title_full Island time and the interplay between ecology and evolution in species diversification
title_fullStr Island time and the interplay between ecology and evolution in species diversification
title_full_unstemmed Island time and the interplay between ecology and evolution in species diversification
title_short Island time and the interplay between ecology and evolution in species diversification
title_sort island time and the interplay between ecology and evolution in species diversification
topic Review and Syntheses
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4780372/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27087839
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12302
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