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Shifts in symbiotic associations in plants capable of forming multiple root symbioses across a long‐term soil chronosequence

Changes in soil nutrient availability during long‐term ecosystem development influence the relative abundances of plant species with different nutrient‐acquisition strategies. These changes in strategies are observed at the community level, but whether they also occur within individual species remai...

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Autores principales: Albornoz, Felipe E., Lambers, Hans, Turner, Benjamin L., Teste, François P., Laliberté, Etienne
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4782245/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27066229
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2000
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author Albornoz, Felipe E.
Lambers, Hans
Turner, Benjamin L.
Teste, François P.
Laliberté, Etienne
author_facet Albornoz, Felipe E.
Lambers, Hans
Turner, Benjamin L.
Teste, François P.
Laliberté, Etienne
author_sort Albornoz, Felipe E.
collection PubMed
description Changes in soil nutrient availability during long‐term ecosystem development influence the relative abundances of plant species with different nutrient‐acquisition strategies. These changes in strategies are observed at the community level, but whether they also occur within individual species remains unknown. Plant species forming multiple root symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, and nitrogen‐(N) fixing microorganisms provide valuable model systems to examine edaphic controls on symbioses related to nutrient acquisition, while simultaneously controlling for plant host identity. We grew two co‐occurring species, Acacia rostellifera (N(2)‐fixing and dual AM and ECM symbioses) and Melaleuca systena (AM and ECM dual symbioses), in three soils of contrasting ages (c. 0.1, 1, and 120 ka) collected along a long‐term dune chronosequence in southwestern Australia. The soils differ in the type and strength of nutrient limitation, with primary productivity being limited by N (0.1 ka), co‐limited by N and phosphorus (P) (1 ka), and by P (120 ka). We hypothesized that (i) within‐species root colonization shifts from AM to ECM with increasing soil age, and that (ii) nodulation declines with increasing soil age, reflecting the shift from N to P limitation along the chronosequence. In both species, we observed a shift from AM to ECM root colonization with increasing soil age. In addition, nodulation in A. rostellifera declined with increasing soil age, consistent with a shift from N to P limitation. Shifts from AM to ECM root colonization reflect strengthening P limitation and an increasing proportion of total soil P in organic forms in older soils. This might occur because ECM fungi can access organic P via extracellular phosphatases, while AM fungi do not use organic P. Our results show that plants can shift their resource allocation to different root symbionts depending on nutrient availability during ecosystem development.
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spelling pubmed-47822452016-04-08 Shifts in symbiotic associations in plants capable of forming multiple root symbioses across a long‐term soil chronosequence Albornoz, Felipe E. Lambers, Hans Turner, Benjamin L. Teste, François P. Laliberté, Etienne Ecol Evol Original Research Changes in soil nutrient availability during long‐term ecosystem development influence the relative abundances of plant species with different nutrient‐acquisition strategies. These changes in strategies are observed at the community level, but whether they also occur within individual species remains unknown. Plant species forming multiple root symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, and nitrogen‐(N) fixing microorganisms provide valuable model systems to examine edaphic controls on symbioses related to nutrient acquisition, while simultaneously controlling for plant host identity. We grew two co‐occurring species, Acacia rostellifera (N(2)‐fixing and dual AM and ECM symbioses) and Melaleuca systena (AM and ECM dual symbioses), in three soils of contrasting ages (c. 0.1, 1, and 120 ka) collected along a long‐term dune chronosequence in southwestern Australia. The soils differ in the type and strength of nutrient limitation, with primary productivity being limited by N (0.1 ka), co‐limited by N and phosphorus (P) (1 ka), and by P (120 ka). We hypothesized that (i) within‐species root colonization shifts from AM to ECM with increasing soil age, and that (ii) nodulation declines with increasing soil age, reflecting the shift from N to P limitation along the chronosequence. In both species, we observed a shift from AM to ECM root colonization with increasing soil age. In addition, nodulation in A. rostellifera declined with increasing soil age, consistent with a shift from N to P limitation. Shifts from AM to ECM root colonization reflect strengthening P limitation and an increasing proportion of total soil P in organic forms in older soils. This might occur because ECM fungi can access organic P via extracellular phosphatases, while AM fungi do not use organic P. Our results show that plants can shift their resource allocation to different root symbionts depending on nutrient availability during ecosystem development. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4782245/ /pubmed/27066229 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2000 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Albornoz, Felipe E.
Lambers, Hans
Turner, Benjamin L.
Teste, François P.
Laliberté, Etienne
Shifts in symbiotic associations in plants capable of forming multiple root symbioses across a long‐term soil chronosequence
title Shifts in symbiotic associations in plants capable of forming multiple root symbioses across a long‐term soil chronosequence
title_full Shifts in symbiotic associations in plants capable of forming multiple root symbioses across a long‐term soil chronosequence
title_fullStr Shifts in symbiotic associations in plants capable of forming multiple root symbioses across a long‐term soil chronosequence
title_full_unstemmed Shifts in symbiotic associations in plants capable of forming multiple root symbioses across a long‐term soil chronosequence
title_short Shifts in symbiotic associations in plants capable of forming multiple root symbioses across a long‐term soil chronosequence
title_sort shifts in symbiotic associations in plants capable of forming multiple root symbioses across a long‐term soil chronosequence
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4782245/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27066229
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2000
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