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Bile Acids, FXR, and Metabolic Effects of Bariatric Surgery

Overweight and obesity represent major risk factors for diabetes and related metabolic diseases. Obesity is associated with a chronic and progressive inflammatory response leading to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus, although the precise mechanism mediating th...

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Autores principales: Noel, Olivier F., Still, Christopher D., Argyropoulos, George, Edwards, Michael, Gerhard, Glenn S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4783581/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27006824
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4390254
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author Noel, Olivier F.
Still, Christopher D.
Argyropoulos, George
Edwards, Michael
Gerhard, Glenn S.
author_facet Noel, Olivier F.
Still, Christopher D.
Argyropoulos, George
Edwards, Michael
Gerhard, Glenn S.
author_sort Noel, Olivier F.
collection PubMed
description Overweight and obesity represent major risk factors for diabetes and related metabolic diseases. Obesity is associated with a chronic and progressive inflammatory response leading to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus, although the precise mechanism mediating this inflammatory process remains poorly understood. The most effective intervention for the treatment of obesity, bariatric surgery, leads to glucose normalization and remission of T2D. Recent work in both clinical studies and animal models supports bile acids (BAs) as key mediators of these effects. BAs are involved in lipid and glucose homeostasis primarily via the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) transcription factor. BAs are also involved in regulating genes involved in inflammation, obesity, and lipid metabolism. Here, we review the novel role of BAs in bariatric surgery and the intersection between BAs and immune, obesity, weight loss, and lipid metabolism genes.
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spelling pubmed-47835812016-03-22 Bile Acids, FXR, and Metabolic Effects of Bariatric Surgery Noel, Olivier F. Still, Christopher D. Argyropoulos, George Edwards, Michael Gerhard, Glenn S. J Obes Review Article Overweight and obesity represent major risk factors for diabetes and related metabolic diseases. Obesity is associated with a chronic and progressive inflammatory response leading to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus, although the precise mechanism mediating this inflammatory process remains poorly understood. The most effective intervention for the treatment of obesity, bariatric surgery, leads to glucose normalization and remission of T2D. Recent work in both clinical studies and animal models supports bile acids (BAs) as key mediators of these effects. BAs are involved in lipid and glucose homeostasis primarily via the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) transcription factor. BAs are also involved in regulating genes involved in inflammation, obesity, and lipid metabolism. Here, we review the novel role of BAs in bariatric surgery and the intersection between BAs and immune, obesity, weight loss, and lipid metabolism genes. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC4783581/ /pubmed/27006824 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4390254 Text en Copyright © 2016 Olivier F. Noel et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Noel, Olivier F.
Still, Christopher D.
Argyropoulos, George
Edwards, Michael
Gerhard, Glenn S.
Bile Acids, FXR, and Metabolic Effects of Bariatric Surgery
title Bile Acids, FXR, and Metabolic Effects of Bariatric Surgery
title_full Bile Acids, FXR, and Metabolic Effects of Bariatric Surgery
title_fullStr Bile Acids, FXR, and Metabolic Effects of Bariatric Surgery
title_full_unstemmed Bile Acids, FXR, and Metabolic Effects of Bariatric Surgery
title_short Bile Acids, FXR, and Metabolic Effects of Bariatric Surgery
title_sort bile acids, fxr, and metabolic effects of bariatric surgery
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4783581/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27006824
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4390254
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AT edwardsmichael bileacidsfxrandmetaboliceffectsofbariatricsurgery
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