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Location of metastases in cancer of unknown primary are not random and signal familial clustering

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a fatal disease diagnosed through metastases. It shows intriguing familial clustering with certain defined primary cancers. Here we examine whether metastatic location in CUP patients is related to primary non-CUP cancers in relatives based on the Swedish Cancer Re...

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Autores principales: Hemminki, Kari, Sundquist, Kristina, Sundquist, Jan, Hemminki, Akseli, Ji, Jianguang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4783693/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26956545
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep22891
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author Hemminki, Kari
Sundquist, Kristina
Sundquist, Jan
Hemminki, Akseli
Ji, Jianguang
author_facet Hemminki, Kari
Sundquist, Kristina
Sundquist, Jan
Hemminki, Akseli
Ji, Jianguang
author_sort Hemminki, Kari
collection PubMed
description Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a fatal disease diagnosed through metastases. It shows intriguing familial clustering with certain defined primary cancers. Here we examine whether metastatic location in CUP patients is related to primary non-CUP cancers in relatives based on the Swedish Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for CUP patients defined by metastatic location depending on cancer in their first degree relatives. SIRs for CUP were high in association with liver (3.94), ovarian (3.41), lung (2.43) and colorectal cancers (1.83) in relatives. The SIR was 1.63 for CUP with metastases in the abdomen when a relative was diagnosed with ovarian cancer. CUP with liver metastases associated with liver (1.44) cancer in relatives. CUP with head and neck region metastases associated with relatives’ esophageal (2.87) cancer. CUP metastases in the thorax associated with a relative’s cancers in the upper aerodigestive tract (2.14) and lung (1.74). The findings, matching metastatic location in CUP and primary cancer in relatives, could be reconciled if these cases of CUP constitute a phenotypically modified primary lacking tissue identification, resulting from epitope immunoediting. Alternatively, CUP metastases arise in a genetically favored tissue environment (soil) promoting growth of both primary cancers and metastases (seeds).
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spelling pubmed-47836932016-03-10 Location of metastases in cancer of unknown primary are not random and signal familial clustering Hemminki, Kari Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist, Jan Hemminki, Akseli Ji, Jianguang Sci Rep Article Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a fatal disease diagnosed through metastases. It shows intriguing familial clustering with certain defined primary cancers. Here we examine whether metastatic location in CUP patients is related to primary non-CUP cancers in relatives based on the Swedish Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for CUP patients defined by metastatic location depending on cancer in their first degree relatives. SIRs for CUP were high in association with liver (3.94), ovarian (3.41), lung (2.43) and colorectal cancers (1.83) in relatives. The SIR was 1.63 for CUP with metastases in the abdomen when a relative was diagnosed with ovarian cancer. CUP with liver metastases associated with liver (1.44) cancer in relatives. CUP with head and neck region metastases associated with relatives’ esophageal (2.87) cancer. CUP metastases in the thorax associated with a relative’s cancers in the upper aerodigestive tract (2.14) and lung (1.74). The findings, matching metastatic location in CUP and primary cancer in relatives, could be reconciled if these cases of CUP constitute a phenotypically modified primary lacking tissue identification, resulting from epitope immunoediting. Alternatively, CUP metastases arise in a genetically favored tissue environment (soil) promoting growth of both primary cancers and metastases (seeds). Nature Publishing Group 2016-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4783693/ /pubmed/26956545 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep22891 Text en Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Hemminki, Kari
Sundquist, Kristina
Sundquist, Jan
Hemminki, Akseli
Ji, Jianguang
Location of metastases in cancer of unknown primary are not random and signal familial clustering
title Location of metastases in cancer of unknown primary are not random and signal familial clustering
title_full Location of metastases in cancer of unknown primary are not random and signal familial clustering
title_fullStr Location of metastases in cancer of unknown primary are not random and signal familial clustering
title_full_unstemmed Location of metastases in cancer of unknown primary are not random and signal familial clustering
title_short Location of metastases in cancer of unknown primary are not random and signal familial clustering
title_sort location of metastases in cancer of unknown primary are not random and signal familial clustering
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4783693/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26956545
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep22891
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