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Potential Use of Salivary Markers for Longitudinal Monitoring of Inflammatory Immune Responses to Vaccination

Vaccination, designed to trigger a protective immune response against infection, is a trigger for mild inflammatory responses. Vaccination studies can address the question of inflammation initiation, levels, and resolution as well as its regulation for respective studied pathogens. Such studies larg...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lim, Pei Wen, Garssen, Johan, Sandalova, Elena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4789015/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27022211
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6958293
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author Lim, Pei Wen
Garssen, Johan
Sandalova, Elena
author_facet Lim, Pei Wen
Garssen, Johan
Sandalova, Elena
author_sort Lim, Pei Wen
collection PubMed
description Vaccination, designed to trigger a protective immune response against infection, is a trigger for mild inflammatory responses. Vaccination studies can address the question of inflammation initiation, levels, and resolution as well as its regulation for respective studied pathogens. Such studies largely based on analyzing the blood components including specific antibodies and cytokines were usually constrained by number of participants and volume of collected blood sample. Hence, blood-based studies may not be able to cover the full dynamic range of inflammation responses induced by vaccination. In this review, the potential of using saliva in addition to blood for studying the kinetics of inflammatory response studies was assessed. Saliva sampling is noninvasive and has a great potential to be used for studies aimed at analysing the magnitude, time course, and variance in immune responses, including inflammation after vaccination. Based on a literature survey of inflammatory biomarkers that can be determined in saliva and an analysis of how these biomarkers could help to understand the mechanisms and dynamics of immune reactivity and inflammation, we propose that the saliva-based approach might have potential to add substantial value to clinical studies, particularly in vulnerable populations such as infants, toddlers, and ill individuals.
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spelling pubmed-47890152016-03-28 Potential Use of Salivary Markers for Longitudinal Monitoring of Inflammatory Immune Responses to Vaccination Lim, Pei Wen Garssen, Johan Sandalova, Elena Mediators Inflamm Review Article Vaccination, designed to trigger a protective immune response against infection, is a trigger for mild inflammatory responses. Vaccination studies can address the question of inflammation initiation, levels, and resolution as well as its regulation for respective studied pathogens. Such studies largely based on analyzing the blood components including specific antibodies and cytokines were usually constrained by number of participants and volume of collected blood sample. Hence, blood-based studies may not be able to cover the full dynamic range of inflammation responses induced by vaccination. In this review, the potential of using saliva in addition to blood for studying the kinetics of inflammatory response studies was assessed. Saliva sampling is noninvasive and has a great potential to be used for studies aimed at analysing the magnitude, time course, and variance in immune responses, including inflammation after vaccination. Based on a literature survey of inflammatory biomarkers that can be determined in saliva and an analysis of how these biomarkers could help to understand the mechanisms and dynamics of immune reactivity and inflammation, we propose that the saliva-based approach might have potential to add substantial value to clinical studies, particularly in vulnerable populations such as infants, toddlers, and ill individuals. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC4789015/ /pubmed/27022211 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6958293 Text en Copyright © 2016 Pei Wen Lim et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Lim, Pei Wen
Garssen, Johan
Sandalova, Elena
Potential Use of Salivary Markers for Longitudinal Monitoring of Inflammatory Immune Responses to Vaccination
title Potential Use of Salivary Markers for Longitudinal Monitoring of Inflammatory Immune Responses to Vaccination
title_full Potential Use of Salivary Markers for Longitudinal Monitoring of Inflammatory Immune Responses to Vaccination
title_fullStr Potential Use of Salivary Markers for Longitudinal Monitoring of Inflammatory Immune Responses to Vaccination
title_full_unstemmed Potential Use of Salivary Markers for Longitudinal Monitoring of Inflammatory Immune Responses to Vaccination
title_short Potential Use of Salivary Markers for Longitudinal Monitoring of Inflammatory Immune Responses to Vaccination
title_sort potential use of salivary markers for longitudinal monitoring of inflammatory immune responses to vaccination
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4789015/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27022211
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6958293
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