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Colonization Resistance of the Gut Microbiota against Clostridium difficile
Antibiotics strongly disrupt the human gut microbiota, which in consequence loses its colonization resistance capacity, allowing infection by opportunistic pathogens such as Clostridium difficile. This bacterium is the main cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and a current problem in developed c...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4790290/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27025628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics4030337 |
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author | Pérez-Cobas, Ana Elena Moya, Andrés Gosalbes, María José Latorre, Amparo |
author_facet | Pérez-Cobas, Ana Elena Moya, Andrés Gosalbes, María José Latorre, Amparo |
author_sort | Pérez-Cobas, Ana Elena |
collection | PubMed |
description | Antibiotics strongly disrupt the human gut microbiota, which in consequence loses its colonization resistance capacity, allowing infection by opportunistic pathogens such as Clostridium difficile. This bacterium is the main cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and a current problem in developed countries, since its incidence and severity have increased during the last years. Furthermore, the emergence of antibiotic resistance strains has reduced the efficiency of the standard treatment with antibiotics, leading to a higher rate of relapses. Here, we review recent efforts focused on the impact of antibiotics in the gut microbiome and their relationship with C. difficile colonization, as well as, in the identification of bacteria and mechanisms involved in the protection against C. difficile infection. Since a healthy gut microbiota is able to avoid pathogen colonization, restoration of the gut microbiota seems to be the most promising approach to face C. difficile infection, especially for recurrent cases. Therefore, it would be possible to design probiotics for patients undergoing antimicrobial therapies in order to prevent or fight the expansion of the pathogen in the gut ecosystem. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4790290 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47902902016-03-24 Colonization Resistance of the Gut Microbiota against Clostridium difficile Pérez-Cobas, Ana Elena Moya, Andrés Gosalbes, María José Latorre, Amparo Antibiotics (Basel) Review Antibiotics strongly disrupt the human gut microbiota, which in consequence loses its colonization resistance capacity, allowing infection by opportunistic pathogens such as Clostridium difficile. This bacterium is the main cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and a current problem in developed countries, since its incidence and severity have increased during the last years. Furthermore, the emergence of antibiotic resistance strains has reduced the efficiency of the standard treatment with antibiotics, leading to a higher rate of relapses. Here, we review recent efforts focused on the impact of antibiotics in the gut microbiome and their relationship with C. difficile colonization, as well as, in the identification of bacteria and mechanisms involved in the protection against C. difficile infection. Since a healthy gut microbiota is able to avoid pathogen colonization, restoration of the gut microbiota seems to be the most promising approach to face C. difficile infection, especially for recurrent cases. Therefore, it would be possible to design probiotics for patients undergoing antimicrobial therapies in order to prevent or fight the expansion of the pathogen in the gut ecosystem. MDPI 2015-08-07 /pmc/articles/PMC4790290/ /pubmed/27025628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics4030337 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Pérez-Cobas, Ana Elena Moya, Andrés Gosalbes, María José Latorre, Amparo Colonization Resistance of the Gut Microbiota against Clostridium difficile |
title | Colonization Resistance of the Gut Microbiota against Clostridium difficile |
title_full | Colonization Resistance of the Gut Microbiota against Clostridium difficile |
title_fullStr | Colonization Resistance of the Gut Microbiota against Clostridium difficile |
title_full_unstemmed | Colonization Resistance of the Gut Microbiota against Clostridium difficile |
title_short | Colonization Resistance of the Gut Microbiota against Clostridium difficile |
title_sort | colonization resistance of the gut microbiota against clostridium difficile |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4790290/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27025628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics4030337 |
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