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Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of Leishmania major Promastigotes in Vitro

Tamoxifen is an antagonist of the estrogen receptor and currently used for the treatment of breast cancer. The current treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with pentavalent antimony compounds is not satisfactory. Therefore, in this study, due to its antileishmanial activity, effects of tamoxifen on...

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Autores principales: Doroodgar, Masoud, Delavari, Mahdi, Doroodgar, Moein, Abbasi, Ali, Taherian, Ali Akbar, Doroodgar, Abbas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4792327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26951973
http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.9
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author Doroodgar, Masoud
Delavari, Mahdi
Doroodgar, Moein
Abbasi, Ali
Taherian, Ali Akbar
Doroodgar, Abbas
author_facet Doroodgar, Masoud
Delavari, Mahdi
Doroodgar, Moein
Abbasi, Ali
Taherian, Ali Akbar
Doroodgar, Abbas
author_sort Doroodgar, Masoud
collection PubMed
description Tamoxifen is an antagonist of the estrogen receptor and currently used for the treatment of breast cancer. The current treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with pentavalent antimony compounds is not satisfactory. Therefore, in this study, due to its antileishmanial activity, effects of tamoxifen on the growth of promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania major Iranian strain were evaluated in vitro. Promastigotes and amastigotes were treated with different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 μg/ml) and time periods (24, 48, and 72 hr) of tamoxifen. After tamoxifen treatment, MTT assay (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 biphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay) was used to determine the percentage of live parasites and Graph Pad Prism software to calculate IC(50). Flow cytometry was applied to investigate the induction of tamoxifen-induced apoptosis in promastigotes. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of tamoxifen on promastigotes was 2.6 μg/ml after 24 hr treatment. Flow cytometry analysis showed that tamoxifen induced early and late apoptosis in Leishmania promastigotes. While after 48 hr in control group the apoptosis was 2.0%, the 50 µg/L concentration of tamoxifen increased it to 59.7%. Based on the in vitro antileishmanial effect, tamoxifen might be used for leishmaniasis treatment; however, further researches on in vivo effects of tamoxifen in animal models are needed.
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spelling pubmed-47923272016-03-17 Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of Leishmania major Promastigotes in Vitro Doroodgar, Masoud Delavari, Mahdi Doroodgar, Moein Abbasi, Ali Taherian, Ali Akbar Doroodgar, Abbas Korean J Parasitol Original Article Tamoxifen is an antagonist of the estrogen receptor and currently used for the treatment of breast cancer. The current treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with pentavalent antimony compounds is not satisfactory. Therefore, in this study, due to its antileishmanial activity, effects of tamoxifen on the growth of promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania major Iranian strain were evaluated in vitro. Promastigotes and amastigotes were treated with different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 μg/ml) and time periods (24, 48, and 72 hr) of tamoxifen. After tamoxifen treatment, MTT assay (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 biphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay) was used to determine the percentage of live parasites and Graph Pad Prism software to calculate IC(50). Flow cytometry was applied to investigate the induction of tamoxifen-induced apoptosis in promastigotes. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of tamoxifen on promastigotes was 2.6 μg/ml after 24 hr treatment. Flow cytometry analysis showed that tamoxifen induced early and late apoptosis in Leishmania promastigotes. While after 48 hr in control group the apoptosis was 2.0%, the 50 µg/L concentration of tamoxifen increased it to 59.7%. Based on the in vitro antileishmanial effect, tamoxifen might be used for leishmaniasis treatment; however, further researches on in vivo effects of tamoxifen in animal models are needed. The Korean Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine 2016-02 2016-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4792327/ /pubmed/26951973 http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.9 Text en © 2016, Korean Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Doroodgar, Masoud
Delavari, Mahdi
Doroodgar, Moein
Abbasi, Ali
Taherian, Ali Akbar
Doroodgar, Abbas
Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of Leishmania major Promastigotes in Vitro
title Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of Leishmania major Promastigotes in Vitro
title_full Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of Leishmania major Promastigotes in Vitro
title_fullStr Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of Leishmania major Promastigotes in Vitro
title_full_unstemmed Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of Leishmania major Promastigotes in Vitro
title_short Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of Leishmania major Promastigotes in Vitro
title_sort tamoxifen induces apoptosis of leishmania major promastigotes in vitro
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4792327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26951973
http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.9
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