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When Breathing Interferes with Cognition: Experimental Inspiratory Loading Alters Timed Up-and-Go Test in Normal Humans

Human breathing stems from automatic brainstem neural processes. It can also be operated by cortico-subcortical networks, especially when breathing becomes uncomfortable because of external or internal inspiratory loads. How the “irruption of breathing into consciousness” interacts with cognition re...

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Autores principales: Nierat, Marie-Cécile, Demiri, Suela, Dupuis-Lozeron, Elise, Allali, Gilles, Morélot-Panzini, Capucine, Similowski, Thomas, Adler, Dan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4792478/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26978782
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151625
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author Nierat, Marie-Cécile
Demiri, Suela
Dupuis-Lozeron, Elise
Allali, Gilles
Morélot-Panzini, Capucine
Similowski, Thomas
Adler, Dan
author_facet Nierat, Marie-Cécile
Demiri, Suela
Dupuis-Lozeron, Elise
Allali, Gilles
Morélot-Panzini, Capucine
Similowski, Thomas
Adler, Dan
author_sort Nierat, Marie-Cécile
collection PubMed
description Human breathing stems from automatic brainstem neural processes. It can also be operated by cortico-subcortical networks, especially when breathing becomes uncomfortable because of external or internal inspiratory loads. How the “irruption of breathing into consciousness” interacts with cognition remains unclear, but a case report in a patient with defective automatic breathing (Ondine's curse syndrome) has shown that there was a cognitive cost of breathing when the respiratory cortical networks were engaged. In a pilot study of putative breathing-cognition interactions, the present study relied on a randomized design to test the hypothesis that experimentally loaded breathing in 28 young healthy subjects would have a negative impact on cognition as tested by “timed up-and-go” test (TUG) and its imagery version (iTUG). Progressive inspiratory threshold loading resulted in slower TUG and iTUG performance. Participants consistently imagined themselves faster than they actually were. However, progressive inspiratory loading slowed iTUG more than TUG, a finding that is unexpected with regard to the known effects of dual tasking on TUG and iTUG (slower TUG but stable iTUG). Insofar as the cortical networks engaged in response to inspiratory loading are also activated during complex locomotor tasks requiring cognitive inputs, we infer that competition for cortical resources may account for the breathing-cognition interference that is evidenced here.
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spelling pubmed-47924782016-03-23 When Breathing Interferes with Cognition: Experimental Inspiratory Loading Alters Timed Up-and-Go Test in Normal Humans Nierat, Marie-Cécile Demiri, Suela Dupuis-Lozeron, Elise Allali, Gilles Morélot-Panzini, Capucine Similowski, Thomas Adler, Dan PLoS One Research Article Human breathing stems from automatic brainstem neural processes. It can also be operated by cortico-subcortical networks, especially when breathing becomes uncomfortable because of external or internal inspiratory loads. How the “irruption of breathing into consciousness” interacts with cognition remains unclear, but a case report in a patient with defective automatic breathing (Ondine's curse syndrome) has shown that there was a cognitive cost of breathing when the respiratory cortical networks were engaged. In a pilot study of putative breathing-cognition interactions, the present study relied on a randomized design to test the hypothesis that experimentally loaded breathing in 28 young healthy subjects would have a negative impact on cognition as tested by “timed up-and-go” test (TUG) and its imagery version (iTUG). Progressive inspiratory threshold loading resulted in slower TUG and iTUG performance. Participants consistently imagined themselves faster than they actually were. However, progressive inspiratory loading slowed iTUG more than TUG, a finding that is unexpected with regard to the known effects of dual tasking on TUG and iTUG (slower TUG but stable iTUG). Insofar as the cortical networks engaged in response to inspiratory loading are also activated during complex locomotor tasks requiring cognitive inputs, we infer that competition for cortical resources may account for the breathing-cognition interference that is evidenced here. Public Library of Science 2016-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4792478/ /pubmed/26978782 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151625 Text en © 2016 Nierat et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Nierat, Marie-Cécile
Demiri, Suela
Dupuis-Lozeron, Elise
Allali, Gilles
Morélot-Panzini, Capucine
Similowski, Thomas
Adler, Dan
When Breathing Interferes with Cognition: Experimental Inspiratory Loading Alters Timed Up-and-Go Test in Normal Humans
title When Breathing Interferes with Cognition: Experimental Inspiratory Loading Alters Timed Up-and-Go Test in Normal Humans
title_full When Breathing Interferes with Cognition: Experimental Inspiratory Loading Alters Timed Up-and-Go Test in Normal Humans
title_fullStr When Breathing Interferes with Cognition: Experimental Inspiratory Loading Alters Timed Up-and-Go Test in Normal Humans
title_full_unstemmed When Breathing Interferes with Cognition: Experimental Inspiratory Loading Alters Timed Up-and-Go Test in Normal Humans
title_short When Breathing Interferes with Cognition: Experimental Inspiratory Loading Alters Timed Up-and-Go Test in Normal Humans
title_sort when breathing interferes with cognition: experimental inspiratory loading alters timed up-and-go test in normal humans
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4792478/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26978782
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151625
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