Nanoscale precipitates strengthened lanthanum-bearing Mg-3Sn-1Mn alloys through continuous rheo-rolling

We elucidate the effect of lanthanum (La) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-3Sn-1Mn-xLa (wt.%) alloy plates processed through continuous rheo-rolling for the first time. At x = 0.2 wt.%, La dissolved completely in the α-Mg matrix. As the La content was increased to 0.6 wt.%, a new plate-shaped three-phase compound composed of La(5)Sn(3), Mg(2)Sn and Mg(17)La(2) phases was formed with an average length of 380 ± 10 nm and an average width of 110 ± 5 nm. This compound had a pinning effect on the α-Mg grain boundary and on dislocations. With further increase in La-content to 1.0 wt.%, the length of the plate-shaped compound increased to an average length of 560 ± 10 nm, while the width was reduced to 90 ± 5 nm. The particle size of Mg(2)Sn decreased from 100 nm to 50 nm with increase in La-content from 0.2 to 1.4 wt.%. At La content of 1.0 wt.%, the tensile strength and elongation of the alloy was maximum, with 29% and 32% increase, respectively, compared to the Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt.%) alloy, and 37% and 89% increase, in comparison to the Mg-3Sn-1Mn-0.87 Ce (wt.%) alloy.