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Multiple Stressor Differential Tolerances: Possible Implications at the Population Level

The probability of the most sensitive genotypes being eliminated from a population due to a contaminant pulse–genetic erosion–is negatively associated to the within-genotype variation. A sensitive genotype with a small phenotypic variation would be more prone to be lost–a critically sensitive genoty...

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Autores principales: Venâncio, Cátia, Ribeiro, Rui, Soares, Amadeu, Lopes, Isabel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4798757/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26990542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151847
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author Venâncio, Cátia
Ribeiro, Rui
Soares, Amadeu
Lopes, Isabel
author_facet Venâncio, Cátia
Ribeiro, Rui
Soares, Amadeu
Lopes, Isabel
author_sort Venâncio, Cátia
collection PubMed
description The probability of the most sensitive genotypes being eliminated from a population due to a contaminant pulse–genetic erosion–is negatively associated to the within-genotype variation. A sensitive genotype with a small phenotypic variation would be more prone to be lost–a critically sensitive genotype. Furthermore, natural populations inhabiting contaminated sites are usually exposed to several pollutants. Such co- or sequential exposure can have severe effects if at least some tolerant clonal lineages surviving one contaminant are sensitive to the others. Such an inverse relationship coupled with a low within-genotype variation potentially enhances genetic erosion. Accordingly, this study evaluated co-tolerance and the occurrence of clonal lineages critically sensitive to 48-hours lethal exposures of copper, zinc, cobalt, and chromium among eight clonal lineages of the cladocerans Daphnia longispina. Median lethal concentrations (LC(50)) of each metal were found to have the potential to provoke genetic erosion. Pairwise comparisons of LC(50), from the eight clonal lineages, revealed neither negative nor positive correlations (r ≤ |0.56|; p ≥ 0.18), but inversely sensitive clonal lineages were found for all pairs of metals. Therefore, besides having the potential to eliminate critically sensitive clonal lineages in a first intermediately lethal pulse, all tested metals may provoke further losses of clonal lineages in an already genetically eroded population.
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spelling pubmed-47987572016-03-23 Multiple Stressor Differential Tolerances: Possible Implications at the Population Level Venâncio, Cátia Ribeiro, Rui Soares, Amadeu Lopes, Isabel PLoS One Research Article The probability of the most sensitive genotypes being eliminated from a population due to a contaminant pulse–genetic erosion–is negatively associated to the within-genotype variation. A sensitive genotype with a small phenotypic variation would be more prone to be lost–a critically sensitive genotype. Furthermore, natural populations inhabiting contaminated sites are usually exposed to several pollutants. Such co- or sequential exposure can have severe effects if at least some tolerant clonal lineages surviving one contaminant are sensitive to the others. Such an inverse relationship coupled with a low within-genotype variation potentially enhances genetic erosion. Accordingly, this study evaluated co-tolerance and the occurrence of clonal lineages critically sensitive to 48-hours lethal exposures of copper, zinc, cobalt, and chromium among eight clonal lineages of the cladocerans Daphnia longispina. Median lethal concentrations (LC(50)) of each metal were found to have the potential to provoke genetic erosion. Pairwise comparisons of LC(50), from the eight clonal lineages, revealed neither negative nor positive correlations (r ≤ |0.56|; p ≥ 0.18), but inversely sensitive clonal lineages were found for all pairs of metals. Therefore, besides having the potential to eliminate critically sensitive clonal lineages in a first intermediately lethal pulse, all tested metals may provoke further losses of clonal lineages in an already genetically eroded population. Public Library of Science 2016-03-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4798757/ /pubmed/26990542 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151847 Text en © 2016 Venâncio et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Venâncio, Cátia
Ribeiro, Rui
Soares, Amadeu
Lopes, Isabel
Multiple Stressor Differential Tolerances: Possible Implications at the Population Level
title Multiple Stressor Differential Tolerances: Possible Implications at the Population Level
title_full Multiple Stressor Differential Tolerances: Possible Implications at the Population Level
title_fullStr Multiple Stressor Differential Tolerances: Possible Implications at the Population Level
title_full_unstemmed Multiple Stressor Differential Tolerances: Possible Implications at the Population Level
title_short Multiple Stressor Differential Tolerances: Possible Implications at the Population Level
title_sort multiple stressor differential tolerances: possible implications at the population level
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4798757/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26990542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151847
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