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Autophagy in 5-Fluorouracil Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Trends and Challenges
OBJECTIVE: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based combination therapies are standard treatments for gastrointestinal cancer, where the modulation of autophagy is becoming increasingly important in offering effective treatment for patients in clinical practice. This review focuses on the role of autophagy in 5-...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
2016
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4800847/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26879020 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0366-6999.176069 |
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author | Tang, Jia-Cheng Feng, Yi-Li Liang, Xiao Cai, Xiu-Jun |
author_facet | Tang, Jia-Cheng Feng, Yi-Li Liang, Xiao Cai, Xiu-Jun |
author_sort | Tang, Jia-Cheng |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based combination therapies are standard treatments for gastrointestinal cancer, where the modulation of autophagy is becoming increasingly important in offering effective treatment for patients in clinical practice. This review focuses on the role of autophagy in 5-FU-induced tumor suppression and cancer therapy in the digestive system. DATA SOURCES: All articles published in English from 1996 to date those assess the synergistic effect of autophagy and 5-FU in gastrointestinal cancer therapy were identified through a systematic online search by use of PubMed. The search terms were “autophagy” and “5-FU” and (“colorectal cancer” or “hepatocellular carcinoma” or “pancreatic adenocarcinoma” or “esophageal cancer” or “gallbladder carcinoma” or “gastric cancer”). STUDY SELECTION: Critical reviews on relevant aspects and original articles reporting in vitro and/or in vivo results regarding the efficiency of autophagy and 5-FU in gastrointestinal cancer therapy were reviewed, analyzed, and summarized. The exclusion criteria for the articles were as follows: (1) new materials (e.g., nanomaterial)-induced autophagy; (2) clinical and experimental studies on diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers in digestive system cancers; and (3) immunogenic cell death for anticancer chemotherapy. RESULTS: Most cell and animal experiments showed inhibition of autophagy by either pharmacological approaches or via genetic silencing of autophagy regulatory gene, resulting in a promotion of 5-FU-induced cancer cells death. Meanwhile, autophagy also plays a pro-death role and may mediate cell death in certain cancer cells where apoptosis is defective or difficult to induce. The dual role of autophagy complicates the use of autophagy inhibitor or inducer in cancer chemotherapy and generates inconsistency to an extent in clinic trials. CONCLUSION: Autophagy might be a therapeutic target that sensitizes the 5-FU treatment in gastrointestinal cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4800847 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48008472016-04-04 Autophagy in 5-Fluorouracil Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Trends and Challenges Tang, Jia-Cheng Feng, Yi-Li Liang, Xiao Cai, Xiu-Jun Chin Med J (Engl) Review Article OBJECTIVE: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based combination therapies are standard treatments for gastrointestinal cancer, where the modulation of autophagy is becoming increasingly important in offering effective treatment for patients in clinical practice. This review focuses on the role of autophagy in 5-FU-induced tumor suppression and cancer therapy in the digestive system. DATA SOURCES: All articles published in English from 1996 to date those assess the synergistic effect of autophagy and 5-FU in gastrointestinal cancer therapy were identified through a systematic online search by use of PubMed. The search terms were “autophagy” and “5-FU” and (“colorectal cancer” or “hepatocellular carcinoma” or “pancreatic adenocarcinoma” or “esophageal cancer” or “gallbladder carcinoma” or “gastric cancer”). STUDY SELECTION: Critical reviews on relevant aspects and original articles reporting in vitro and/or in vivo results regarding the efficiency of autophagy and 5-FU in gastrointestinal cancer therapy were reviewed, analyzed, and summarized. The exclusion criteria for the articles were as follows: (1) new materials (e.g., nanomaterial)-induced autophagy; (2) clinical and experimental studies on diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers in digestive system cancers; and (3) immunogenic cell death for anticancer chemotherapy. RESULTS: Most cell and animal experiments showed inhibition of autophagy by either pharmacological approaches or via genetic silencing of autophagy regulatory gene, resulting in a promotion of 5-FU-induced cancer cells death. Meanwhile, autophagy also plays a pro-death role and may mediate cell death in certain cancer cells where apoptosis is defective or difficult to induce. The dual role of autophagy complicates the use of autophagy inhibitor or inducer in cancer chemotherapy and generates inconsistency to an extent in clinic trials. CONCLUSION: Autophagy might be a therapeutic target that sensitizes the 5-FU treatment in gastrointestinal cancer. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2016-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC4800847/ /pubmed/26879020 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0366-6999.176069 Text en Copyright: © 2016 Chinese Medical Journal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Tang, Jia-Cheng Feng, Yi-Li Liang, Xiao Cai, Xiu-Jun Autophagy in 5-Fluorouracil Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Trends and Challenges |
title | Autophagy in 5-Fluorouracil Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Trends and Challenges |
title_full | Autophagy in 5-Fluorouracil Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Trends and Challenges |
title_fullStr | Autophagy in 5-Fluorouracil Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Trends and Challenges |
title_full_unstemmed | Autophagy in 5-Fluorouracil Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Trends and Challenges |
title_short | Autophagy in 5-Fluorouracil Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Trends and Challenges |
title_sort | autophagy in 5-fluorouracil therapy in gastrointestinal cancer: trends and challenges |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4800847/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26879020 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0366-6999.176069 |
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