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A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application
This paper describes, for the first time, the procedure for the full design, calibration, uncertainty analysis, and practical application of a personal, distributed exposimeter (PDE) for the detection of personal exposure in the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) downlink (DL) band around...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4801557/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26840320 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16020180 |
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author | Thielens, Arno Vanveerdeghem, Peter Van Torre, Patrick Gängler, Stephanie Röösli, Martin Rogier, Hendrik Martens, Luc Joseph, Wout |
author_facet | Thielens, Arno Vanveerdeghem, Peter Van Torre, Patrick Gängler, Stephanie Röösli, Martin Rogier, Hendrik Martens, Luc Joseph, Wout |
author_sort | Thielens, Arno |
collection | PubMed |
description | This paper describes, for the first time, the procedure for the full design, calibration, uncertainty analysis, and practical application of a personal, distributed exposimeter (PDE) for the detection of personal exposure in the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) downlink (DL) band around 900 MHz (GSM 900 DL). The PDE is a sensor that consists of several body-worn antennas. The on-body location of these antennas is investigated using numerical simulations and calibration measurements in an anechoic chamber. The calibration measurements and the simulations result in a design (or on-body setup) of the PDE. This is used for validation measurements and indoor radio frequency (RF) exposure measurements in Ghent, Belgium. The main achievements of this paper are: first, the demonstration, using both measurements and simulations, that a PDE consisting of multiple on-body textile antennas will have a lower measurement uncertainty for personal RF exposure than existing on-body sensors; second, a validation of the PDE, which proves that the device correctly estimates the incident power densities; and third, a demonstration of the usability of the PDE for real exposure assessment measurements. To this aim, the validated PDE is used for indoor measurements in a residential building in Ghent, Belgium, which yield an average incident power density of 0.018 mW/m². |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4801557 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48015572016-03-25 A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application Thielens, Arno Vanveerdeghem, Peter Van Torre, Patrick Gängler, Stephanie Röösli, Martin Rogier, Hendrik Martens, Luc Joseph, Wout Sensors (Basel) Article This paper describes, for the first time, the procedure for the full design, calibration, uncertainty analysis, and practical application of a personal, distributed exposimeter (PDE) for the detection of personal exposure in the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) downlink (DL) band around 900 MHz (GSM 900 DL). The PDE is a sensor that consists of several body-worn antennas. The on-body location of these antennas is investigated using numerical simulations and calibration measurements in an anechoic chamber. The calibration measurements and the simulations result in a design (or on-body setup) of the PDE. This is used for validation measurements and indoor radio frequency (RF) exposure measurements in Ghent, Belgium. The main achievements of this paper are: first, the demonstration, using both measurements and simulations, that a PDE consisting of multiple on-body textile antennas will have a lower measurement uncertainty for personal RF exposure than existing on-body sensors; second, a validation of the PDE, which proves that the device correctly estimates the incident power densities; and third, a demonstration of the usability of the PDE for real exposure assessment measurements. To this aim, the validated PDE is used for indoor measurements in a residential building in Ghent, Belgium, which yield an average incident power density of 0.018 mW/m². MDPI 2016-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4801557/ /pubmed/26840320 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16020180 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Thielens, Arno Vanveerdeghem, Peter Van Torre, Patrick Gängler, Stephanie Röösli, Martin Rogier, Hendrik Martens, Luc Joseph, Wout A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application |
title | A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application |
title_full | A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application |
title_fullStr | A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application |
title_full_unstemmed | A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application |
title_short | A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application |
title_sort | personal, distributed exposimeter: procedure for design, calibration, validation, and application |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4801557/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26840320 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16020180 |
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