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A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application

This paper describes, for the first time, the procedure for the full design, calibration, uncertainty analysis, and practical application of a personal, distributed exposimeter (PDE) for the detection of personal exposure in the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) downlink (DL) band around...

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Autores principales: Thielens, Arno, Vanveerdeghem, Peter, Van Torre, Patrick, Gängler, Stephanie, Röösli, Martin, Rogier, Hendrik, Martens, Luc, Joseph, Wout
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4801557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26840320
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16020180
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author Thielens, Arno
Vanveerdeghem, Peter
Van Torre, Patrick
Gängler, Stephanie
Röösli, Martin
Rogier, Hendrik
Martens, Luc
Joseph, Wout
author_facet Thielens, Arno
Vanveerdeghem, Peter
Van Torre, Patrick
Gängler, Stephanie
Röösli, Martin
Rogier, Hendrik
Martens, Luc
Joseph, Wout
author_sort Thielens, Arno
collection PubMed
description This paper describes, for the first time, the procedure for the full design, calibration, uncertainty analysis, and practical application of a personal, distributed exposimeter (PDE) for the detection of personal exposure in the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) downlink (DL) band around 900 MHz (GSM 900 DL). The PDE is a sensor that consists of several body-worn antennas. The on-body location of these antennas is investigated using numerical simulations and calibration measurements in an anechoic chamber. The calibration measurements and the simulations result in a design (or on-body setup) of the PDE. This is used for validation measurements and indoor radio frequency (RF) exposure measurements in Ghent, Belgium. The main achievements of this paper are: first, the demonstration, using both measurements and simulations, that a PDE consisting of multiple on-body textile antennas will have a lower measurement uncertainty for personal RF exposure than existing on-body sensors; second, a validation of the PDE, which proves that the device correctly estimates the incident power densities; and third, a demonstration of the usability of the PDE for real exposure assessment measurements. To this aim, the validated PDE is used for indoor measurements in a residential building in Ghent, Belgium, which yield an average incident power density of 0.018 mW/m².
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spelling pubmed-48015572016-03-25 A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application Thielens, Arno Vanveerdeghem, Peter Van Torre, Patrick Gängler, Stephanie Röösli, Martin Rogier, Hendrik Martens, Luc Joseph, Wout Sensors (Basel) Article This paper describes, for the first time, the procedure for the full design, calibration, uncertainty analysis, and practical application of a personal, distributed exposimeter (PDE) for the detection of personal exposure in the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) downlink (DL) band around 900 MHz (GSM 900 DL). The PDE is a sensor that consists of several body-worn antennas. The on-body location of these antennas is investigated using numerical simulations and calibration measurements in an anechoic chamber. The calibration measurements and the simulations result in a design (or on-body setup) of the PDE. This is used for validation measurements and indoor radio frequency (RF) exposure measurements in Ghent, Belgium. The main achievements of this paper are: first, the demonstration, using both measurements and simulations, that a PDE consisting of multiple on-body textile antennas will have a lower measurement uncertainty for personal RF exposure than existing on-body sensors; second, a validation of the PDE, which proves that the device correctly estimates the incident power densities; and third, a demonstration of the usability of the PDE for real exposure assessment measurements. To this aim, the validated PDE is used for indoor measurements in a residential building in Ghent, Belgium, which yield an average incident power density of 0.018 mW/m². MDPI 2016-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4801557/ /pubmed/26840320 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16020180 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Thielens, Arno
Vanveerdeghem, Peter
Van Torre, Patrick
Gängler, Stephanie
Röösli, Martin
Rogier, Hendrik
Martens, Luc
Joseph, Wout
A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application
title A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application
title_full A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application
title_fullStr A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application
title_full_unstemmed A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application
title_short A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application
title_sort personal, distributed exposimeter: procedure for design, calibration, validation, and application
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4801557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26840320
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16020180
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