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In Vivo Models for Incretin Research: From the Intestine to the Whole Body

Incretin hormones are produced by enteroendocrine cells (EECs) in the intestine in response to ingested nutrient stimuli. The incretin effect is defined as the difference in the insulin secretory response between the oral glucose tolerance test and an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion study....

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Autor principal: Oh, Tae Jung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Korean Endocrine Society 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4803560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26996422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2016.31.1.45
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author Oh, Tae Jung
author_facet Oh, Tae Jung
author_sort Oh, Tae Jung
collection PubMed
description Incretin hormones are produced by enteroendocrine cells (EECs) in the intestine in response to ingested nutrient stimuli. The incretin effect is defined as the difference in the insulin secretory response between the oral glucose tolerance test and an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion study. The pathophysiology of the decreased incretin effect has been studied as decreased incretin sensitivity and/or β-cell dysfunction per se. Interestingly, robust increases in endogenous incretin secretion have been observed in many types of metabolic/bariatric surgery. Therefore, metabolic/bariatric surgery has been extensively studied for incretin physiology, not only the hormones themselves but also alterations in EECs distribution and genetic expression levels of gut hormones. These efforts have given us an enormous understanding of incretin biology from synthesis to in vivo behavior. Further innovative studies are needed to determine the mechanisms and targets of incretin hormones.
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spelling pubmed-48035602016-03-27 In Vivo Models for Incretin Research: From the Intestine to the Whole Body Oh, Tae Jung Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) Review Article Incretin hormones are produced by enteroendocrine cells (EECs) in the intestine in response to ingested nutrient stimuli. The incretin effect is defined as the difference in the insulin secretory response between the oral glucose tolerance test and an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion study. The pathophysiology of the decreased incretin effect has been studied as decreased incretin sensitivity and/or β-cell dysfunction per se. Interestingly, robust increases in endogenous incretin secretion have been observed in many types of metabolic/bariatric surgery. Therefore, metabolic/bariatric surgery has been extensively studied for incretin physiology, not only the hormones themselves but also alterations in EECs distribution and genetic expression levels of gut hormones. These efforts have given us an enormous understanding of incretin biology from synthesis to in vivo behavior. Further innovative studies are needed to determine the mechanisms and targets of incretin hormones. Korean Endocrine Society 2016-03 2016-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC4803560/ /pubmed/26996422 http://dx.doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2016.31.1.45 Text en Copyright © 2016 Korean Endocrine Society http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Oh, Tae Jung
In Vivo Models for Incretin Research: From the Intestine to the Whole Body
title In Vivo Models for Incretin Research: From the Intestine to the Whole Body
title_full In Vivo Models for Incretin Research: From the Intestine to the Whole Body
title_fullStr In Vivo Models for Incretin Research: From the Intestine to the Whole Body
title_full_unstemmed In Vivo Models for Incretin Research: From the Intestine to the Whole Body
title_short In Vivo Models for Incretin Research: From the Intestine to the Whole Body
title_sort in vivo models for incretin research: from the intestine to the whole body
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4803560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26996422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2016.31.1.45
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