Cargando…

Early X-ray workers: an effort to assess their numbers, risk, and most common (skin) affliction

OBJECTIVE: To assess quantitatively the number of early X-ray workers, their risk of becoming a radiation victim, and their most common radiation-induced (skin) disease. METHODS: Information on professional life and occupational disease was retrieved from the Ehrenbuch, a book of honour containing b...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kemerink, Gerrit J., van Engelshoven, Jos M. A., Simon, Kees J., Kütterer, Gerhard, Wildberger, Joachim E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4805624/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26715127
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-015-0457-2
_version_ 1782423172606328832
author Kemerink, Gerrit J.
van Engelshoven, Jos M. A.
Simon, Kees J.
Kütterer, Gerhard
Wildberger, Joachim E.
author_facet Kemerink, Gerrit J.
van Engelshoven, Jos M. A.
Simon, Kees J.
Kütterer, Gerhard
Wildberger, Joachim E.
author_sort Kemerink, Gerrit J.
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To assess quantitatively the number of early X-ray workers, their risk of becoming a radiation victim, and their most common radiation-induced (skin) disease. METHODS: Information on professional life and occupational disease was retrieved from the Ehrenbuch, a book of honour containing biographies of 404 radiation victims, as well as member and congress lists of the German and US radiological societies, obituaries, books, articles, and the Internet. RESULTS: The estimated numbers of X-ray users in a medical setting in the US increased from about 300 to 600 in 1900–1903, in Germany from about 700 to 1200 during 1905–1908. The risk for a beginning user eventually to die from radiation was 1–2 % in these years, but up to 10–25 % in 1896. Data on 198 victims of fatal radiation-induced skin disease were collected. The incidence of the various stages of skin afflictions with a fatal outcome was characterized by very wide distributions. CONCLUSIONS: After 1896, the radiation risk decreased very fast at first and more slowly thereafter to nearly zero in 1935. Many victims became quite old, partly because of the slower progress of tissue reactions at lower radiation doses, partly because of the success of often multiple surgical interventions. MAIN MESSAGES: US and German X-ray users amounted to several hundreds to thousand in 1900–1908. The risk eventually to die from radiation was about 1–2 % during 1900–1908. After 1896, this risk decreased from >10 % to nearly zero in 1935. The incidence of subsequent stages of skin harm varied strongly in time. X-ray victims could become quite old, dependent on radiation dose and surgery. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13244-015-0457-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4805624
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2015
publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-48056242016-04-20 Early X-ray workers: an effort to assess their numbers, risk, and most common (skin) affliction Kemerink, Gerrit J. van Engelshoven, Jos M. A. Simon, Kees J. Kütterer, Gerhard Wildberger, Joachim E. Insights Imaging Original Article OBJECTIVE: To assess quantitatively the number of early X-ray workers, their risk of becoming a radiation victim, and their most common radiation-induced (skin) disease. METHODS: Information on professional life and occupational disease was retrieved from the Ehrenbuch, a book of honour containing biographies of 404 radiation victims, as well as member and congress lists of the German and US radiological societies, obituaries, books, articles, and the Internet. RESULTS: The estimated numbers of X-ray users in a medical setting in the US increased from about 300 to 600 in 1900–1903, in Germany from about 700 to 1200 during 1905–1908. The risk for a beginning user eventually to die from radiation was 1–2 % in these years, but up to 10–25 % in 1896. Data on 198 victims of fatal radiation-induced skin disease were collected. The incidence of the various stages of skin afflictions with a fatal outcome was characterized by very wide distributions. CONCLUSIONS: After 1896, the radiation risk decreased very fast at first and more slowly thereafter to nearly zero in 1935. Many victims became quite old, partly because of the slower progress of tissue reactions at lower radiation doses, partly because of the success of often multiple surgical interventions. MAIN MESSAGES: US and German X-ray users amounted to several hundreds to thousand in 1900–1908. The risk eventually to die from radiation was about 1–2 % during 1900–1908. After 1896, this risk decreased from >10 % to nearly zero in 1935. The incidence of subsequent stages of skin harm varied strongly in time. X-ray victims could become quite old, dependent on radiation dose and surgery. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13244-015-0457-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2015-12-29 /pmc/articles/PMC4805624/ /pubmed/26715127 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-015-0457-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2015 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Original Article
Kemerink, Gerrit J.
van Engelshoven, Jos M. A.
Simon, Kees J.
Kütterer, Gerhard
Wildberger, Joachim E.
Early X-ray workers: an effort to assess their numbers, risk, and most common (skin) affliction
title Early X-ray workers: an effort to assess their numbers, risk, and most common (skin) affliction
title_full Early X-ray workers: an effort to assess their numbers, risk, and most common (skin) affliction
title_fullStr Early X-ray workers: an effort to assess their numbers, risk, and most common (skin) affliction
title_full_unstemmed Early X-ray workers: an effort to assess their numbers, risk, and most common (skin) affliction
title_short Early X-ray workers: an effort to assess their numbers, risk, and most common (skin) affliction
title_sort early x-ray workers: an effort to assess their numbers, risk, and most common (skin) affliction
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4805624/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26715127
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-015-0457-2
work_keys_str_mv AT kemerinkgerritj earlyxrayworkersanefforttoassesstheirnumbersriskandmostcommonskinaffliction
AT vanengelshovenjosma earlyxrayworkersanefforttoassesstheirnumbersriskandmostcommonskinaffliction
AT simonkeesj earlyxrayworkersanefforttoassesstheirnumbersriskandmostcommonskinaffliction
AT kutterergerhard earlyxrayworkersanefforttoassesstheirnumbersriskandmostcommonskinaffliction
AT wildbergerjoachime earlyxrayworkersanefforttoassesstheirnumbersriskandmostcommonskinaffliction