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Nutritional strategies for skeletal and cardiovascular health: hard bones, soft arteries, rather than vice versa

The focus of this paper is to explore better strategies for optimising bone strength and reducing risk of fracture, while at the same time decreasing risk of cardiovascular disease. The majority of Americans do not consume the current recommended dietary allowance for calcium, and the lifetime risk...

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Autores principales: O'Keefe, James H, Bergman, Nathaniel, Carrera-Bastos, Pedro, Fontes-Villalba, Maélan, DiNicolantonio, James J, Cordain, Loren
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4809188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27042317
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2015-000325
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author O'Keefe, James H
Bergman, Nathaniel
Carrera-Bastos, Pedro
Fontes-Villalba, Maélan
DiNicolantonio, James J
Cordain, Loren
author_facet O'Keefe, James H
Bergman, Nathaniel
Carrera-Bastos, Pedro
Fontes-Villalba, Maélan
DiNicolantonio, James J
Cordain, Loren
author_sort O'Keefe, James H
collection PubMed
description The focus of this paper is to explore better strategies for optimising bone strength and reducing risk of fracture, while at the same time decreasing risk of cardiovascular disease. The majority of Americans do not consume the current recommended dietary allowance for calcium, and the lifetime risk of osteoporosis is about 50%. However, traditional mononutrient calcium supplements may not be ideal. We comprehensively and systematically reviewed the scientific literature in order to determine the optimal dietary strategies and nutritional supplements for long-term skeletal health and cardiovascular health. To summarise, the following steps may be helpful for building strong bones while maintaining soft and supple arteries: (1) calcium is best obtained from dietary sources rather than supplements; (2) ensure that adequate animal protein intake is coupled with calcium intake of 1000 mg/day; (3) maintain vitamin D levels in the normal range; (4) increase intake of fruits and vegetables to alkalinise the system and promote bone health; (5) concomitantly increase potassium consumption while reducing sodium intake; (6) consider increasing the intake of foods rich in vitamins K1 and K2; (7) consider including bones in the diet; they are a rich source of calcium-hydroxyapatite and many other nutrients needed for building bone.
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spelling pubmed-48091882016-04-01 Nutritional strategies for skeletal and cardiovascular health: hard bones, soft arteries, rather than vice versa O'Keefe, James H Bergman, Nathaniel Carrera-Bastos, Pedro Fontes-Villalba, Maélan DiNicolantonio, James J Cordain, Loren Open Heart Cardiac Risk Factors and Prevention The focus of this paper is to explore better strategies for optimising bone strength and reducing risk of fracture, while at the same time decreasing risk of cardiovascular disease. The majority of Americans do not consume the current recommended dietary allowance for calcium, and the lifetime risk of osteoporosis is about 50%. However, traditional mononutrient calcium supplements may not be ideal. We comprehensively and systematically reviewed the scientific literature in order to determine the optimal dietary strategies and nutritional supplements for long-term skeletal health and cardiovascular health. To summarise, the following steps may be helpful for building strong bones while maintaining soft and supple arteries: (1) calcium is best obtained from dietary sources rather than supplements; (2) ensure that adequate animal protein intake is coupled with calcium intake of 1000 mg/day; (3) maintain vitamin D levels in the normal range; (4) increase intake of fruits and vegetables to alkalinise the system and promote bone health; (5) concomitantly increase potassium consumption while reducing sodium intake; (6) consider increasing the intake of foods rich in vitamins K1 and K2; (7) consider including bones in the diet; they are a rich source of calcium-hydroxyapatite and many other nutrients needed for building bone. BMJ Publishing Group 2016-03-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4809188/ /pubmed/27042317 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2015-000325 Text en Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
spellingShingle Cardiac Risk Factors and Prevention
O'Keefe, James H
Bergman, Nathaniel
Carrera-Bastos, Pedro
Fontes-Villalba, Maélan
DiNicolantonio, James J
Cordain, Loren
Nutritional strategies for skeletal and cardiovascular health: hard bones, soft arteries, rather than vice versa
title Nutritional strategies for skeletal and cardiovascular health: hard bones, soft arteries, rather than vice versa
title_full Nutritional strategies for skeletal and cardiovascular health: hard bones, soft arteries, rather than vice versa
title_fullStr Nutritional strategies for skeletal and cardiovascular health: hard bones, soft arteries, rather than vice versa
title_full_unstemmed Nutritional strategies for skeletal and cardiovascular health: hard bones, soft arteries, rather than vice versa
title_short Nutritional strategies for skeletal and cardiovascular health: hard bones, soft arteries, rather than vice versa
title_sort nutritional strategies for skeletal and cardiovascular health: hard bones, soft arteries, rather than vice versa
topic Cardiac Risk Factors and Prevention
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4809188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27042317
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2015-000325
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