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Unhealthy Phenotype as Indicated by Salivary Biomarkers: Glucose, Insulin, VEGF-A, and IL-12p70 in Obese Kuwaiti Adolescents
Objective. Here, we investigated the relationships between obesity and the salivary concentrations of insulin, glucose, and 20 metabolic biomarkers in Kuwaiti adolescents. Previously, we have shown that certain salivary metabolic markers can act as surrogates for blood concentrations. Methods. Saliv...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4812454/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27069678 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6860240 |
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author | Hartman, Mor-Li Goodson, J. Max Shi, Ping Vargas, Jorel Yaskell, Tina Stephens, Danielle Cugini, Maryann Hasturk, Hatice Barake, Roula Alsmadi, Osama Al-Mutawa, Sabiha Ariga, Jitendra Soparkar, Pramod Behbehani, Jawad Behbehani, Kazem Welty, Francine |
author_facet | Hartman, Mor-Li Goodson, J. Max Shi, Ping Vargas, Jorel Yaskell, Tina Stephens, Danielle Cugini, Maryann Hasturk, Hatice Barake, Roula Alsmadi, Osama Al-Mutawa, Sabiha Ariga, Jitendra Soparkar, Pramod Behbehani, Jawad Behbehani, Kazem Welty, Francine |
author_sort | Hartman, Mor-Li |
collection | PubMed |
description | Objective. Here, we investigated the relationships between obesity and the salivary concentrations of insulin, glucose, and 20 metabolic biomarkers in Kuwaiti adolescents. Previously, we have shown that certain salivary metabolic markers can act as surrogates for blood concentrations. Methods. Salivary samples of whole saliva were collected from 8,317 adolescents. Salivary glucose concentration was measured by a high-sensitivity glucose oxidase method implemented on a robotic chemical analyzer. The concentration of salivary insulin and 20 other metabolic biomarkers was assayed in 744 randomly selected saliva samples by multiplexed bead-based immunoassay. Results. Obesity was seen in 26.5% of the adolescents. Salivary insulin predicting hyperinsulinemia occurred in 4.3% of normal-weight adolescents, 8.3% of overweight adolescents, and 25.7% of obese adolescents (p < 0.0001). Salivary glucose predicting hyperglycemia was found in only 3% of obese children and was not predictive (p = 0.89). Elevated salivary glucose and insulin occurring together was associated with elevated vascular endothelial growth factor and reduced salivary interleukin-12. Conclusion. Considering the surrogate nature of salivary insulin and glucose, this study suggests that elevated insulin may be a dominant sign of metabolic disease in adolescent populations. It also appears that a proangiogenic environment may accompany elevated glucose in obese adolescents. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4812454 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48124542016-04-11 Unhealthy Phenotype as Indicated by Salivary Biomarkers: Glucose, Insulin, VEGF-A, and IL-12p70 in Obese Kuwaiti Adolescents Hartman, Mor-Li Goodson, J. Max Shi, Ping Vargas, Jorel Yaskell, Tina Stephens, Danielle Cugini, Maryann Hasturk, Hatice Barake, Roula Alsmadi, Osama Al-Mutawa, Sabiha Ariga, Jitendra Soparkar, Pramod Behbehani, Jawad Behbehani, Kazem Welty, Francine J Obes Research Article Objective. Here, we investigated the relationships between obesity and the salivary concentrations of insulin, glucose, and 20 metabolic biomarkers in Kuwaiti adolescents. Previously, we have shown that certain salivary metabolic markers can act as surrogates for blood concentrations. Methods. Salivary samples of whole saliva were collected from 8,317 adolescents. Salivary glucose concentration was measured by a high-sensitivity glucose oxidase method implemented on a robotic chemical analyzer. The concentration of salivary insulin and 20 other metabolic biomarkers was assayed in 744 randomly selected saliva samples by multiplexed bead-based immunoassay. Results. Obesity was seen in 26.5% of the adolescents. Salivary insulin predicting hyperinsulinemia occurred in 4.3% of normal-weight adolescents, 8.3% of overweight adolescents, and 25.7% of obese adolescents (p < 0.0001). Salivary glucose predicting hyperglycemia was found in only 3% of obese children and was not predictive (p = 0.89). Elevated salivary glucose and insulin occurring together was associated with elevated vascular endothelial growth factor and reduced salivary interleukin-12. Conclusion. Considering the surrogate nature of salivary insulin and glucose, this study suggests that elevated insulin may be a dominant sign of metabolic disease in adolescent populations. It also appears that a proangiogenic environment may accompany elevated glucose in obese adolescents. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC4812454/ /pubmed/27069678 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6860240 Text en Copyright © 2016 Mor-Li Hartman et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Hartman, Mor-Li Goodson, J. Max Shi, Ping Vargas, Jorel Yaskell, Tina Stephens, Danielle Cugini, Maryann Hasturk, Hatice Barake, Roula Alsmadi, Osama Al-Mutawa, Sabiha Ariga, Jitendra Soparkar, Pramod Behbehani, Jawad Behbehani, Kazem Welty, Francine Unhealthy Phenotype as Indicated by Salivary Biomarkers: Glucose, Insulin, VEGF-A, and IL-12p70 in Obese Kuwaiti Adolescents |
title | Unhealthy Phenotype as Indicated by Salivary Biomarkers: Glucose, Insulin, VEGF-A, and IL-12p70 in Obese Kuwaiti Adolescents |
title_full | Unhealthy Phenotype as Indicated by Salivary Biomarkers: Glucose, Insulin, VEGF-A, and IL-12p70 in Obese Kuwaiti Adolescents |
title_fullStr | Unhealthy Phenotype as Indicated by Salivary Biomarkers: Glucose, Insulin, VEGF-A, and IL-12p70 in Obese Kuwaiti Adolescents |
title_full_unstemmed | Unhealthy Phenotype as Indicated by Salivary Biomarkers: Glucose, Insulin, VEGF-A, and IL-12p70 in Obese Kuwaiti Adolescents |
title_short | Unhealthy Phenotype as Indicated by Salivary Biomarkers: Glucose, Insulin, VEGF-A, and IL-12p70 in Obese Kuwaiti Adolescents |
title_sort | unhealthy phenotype as indicated by salivary biomarkers: glucose, insulin, vegf-a, and il-12p70 in obese kuwaiti adolescents |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4812454/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27069678 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6860240 |
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