Cargando…
Stress Response and Perinatal Reprogramming: Unraveling (Mal)adaptive Strategies
Environmental stressors induce coping strategies in the majority of individuals. The stress response, involving the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis and the consequent release of corticosteroid hormones, is indeed aimed at promoting metabolic, functional, and behavioral a...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2016
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4812483/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27057367 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6752193 |
_version_ | 1782424183325589504 |
---|---|
author | Musazzi, Laura Marrocco, Jordan |
author_facet | Musazzi, Laura Marrocco, Jordan |
author_sort | Musazzi, Laura |
collection | PubMed |
description | Environmental stressors induce coping strategies in the majority of individuals. The stress response, involving the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis and the consequent release of corticosteroid hormones, is indeed aimed at promoting metabolic, functional, and behavioral adaptations. However, behavioral stress is also associated with fast and long-lasting neurochemical, structural, and behavioral changes, leading to long-term remodeling of glutamate transmission, and increased susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disorders. Of note, early-life events, both in utero and during the early postnatal life, trigger reprogramming of the stress response, which is often associated with loss of stress resilience and ensuing neurobehavioral (mal)adaptations. Indeed, adverse experiences in early life are known to induce long-term stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders in vulnerable individuals. Here, we discuss recent findings about stress remodeling of excitatory neurotransmission and brain morphology in animal models of behavioral stress. These changes are likely driven by epigenetic factors that lie at the core of the stress-response reprogramming in individuals with a history of perinatal stress. We propose that reprogramming mechanisms may underlie the reorganization of excitatory neurotransmission in the short- and long-term response to stressful stimuli. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4812483 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48124832016-04-07 Stress Response and Perinatal Reprogramming: Unraveling (Mal)adaptive Strategies Musazzi, Laura Marrocco, Jordan Neural Plast Review Article Environmental stressors induce coping strategies in the majority of individuals. The stress response, involving the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis and the consequent release of corticosteroid hormones, is indeed aimed at promoting metabolic, functional, and behavioral adaptations. However, behavioral stress is also associated with fast and long-lasting neurochemical, structural, and behavioral changes, leading to long-term remodeling of glutamate transmission, and increased susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disorders. Of note, early-life events, both in utero and during the early postnatal life, trigger reprogramming of the stress response, which is often associated with loss of stress resilience and ensuing neurobehavioral (mal)adaptations. Indeed, adverse experiences in early life are known to induce long-term stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders in vulnerable individuals. Here, we discuss recent findings about stress remodeling of excitatory neurotransmission and brain morphology in animal models of behavioral stress. These changes are likely driven by epigenetic factors that lie at the core of the stress-response reprogramming in individuals with a history of perinatal stress. We propose that reprogramming mechanisms may underlie the reorganization of excitatory neurotransmission in the short- and long-term response to stressful stimuli. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC4812483/ /pubmed/27057367 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6752193 Text en Copyright © 2016 L. Musazzi and J. Marrocco. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Musazzi, Laura Marrocco, Jordan Stress Response and Perinatal Reprogramming: Unraveling (Mal)adaptive Strategies |
title | Stress Response and Perinatal Reprogramming: Unraveling (Mal)adaptive Strategies |
title_full | Stress Response and Perinatal Reprogramming: Unraveling (Mal)adaptive Strategies |
title_fullStr | Stress Response and Perinatal Reprogramming: Unraveling (Mal)adaptive Strategies |
title_full_unstemmed | Stress Response and Perinatal Reprogramming: Unraveling (Mal)adaptive Strategies |
title_short | Stress Response and Perinatal Reprogramming: Unraveling (Mal)adaptive Strategies |
title_sort | stress response and perinatal reprogramming: unraveling (mal)adaptive strategies |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4812483/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27057367 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6752193 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT musazzilaura stressresponseandperinatalreprogrammingunravelingmaladaptivestrategies AT marroccojordan stressresponseandperinatalreprogrammingunravelingmaladaptivestrategies |