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Exploring the mechanisms underpinning sweating: the development of a specialized ventilated capsule for use with intradermal microdialysis
Many studies have aimed to identify the controllers of sweating using ventilated capsules with intradermal microdialysis. It is unclear, however, if the surface area covered by the capsule influences the observed response as a result of differences in the number of sweat glands affected by the infus...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4814883/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27033452 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12738 |
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author | Meade, Robert D. Louie, Jeffrey C. Poirier, Martin P. McGinn, Ryan Fujii, Naoto Kenny, Glen P. |
author_facet | Meade, Robert D. Louie, Jeffrey C. Poirier, Martin P. McGinn, Ryan Fujii, Naoto Kenny, Glen P. |
author_sort | Meade, Robert D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Many studies have aimed to identify the controllers of sweating using ventilated capsules with intradermal microdialysis. It is unclear, however, if the surface area covered by the capsule influences the observed response as a result of differences in the number of sweat glands affected by the infused pharmacological agent relative to the total glands captured by the capsule. We evaluated the area of skin perfused with agents delivered via microdialysis. Thereafter, we developed a specialized sweat capsule (1.1 cm(2)) and compared the sweating response with a classic capsule (2.8 cm(2)). In Protocol 1 (n = 6), methacholine was delivered to forearm skin in a dose‐dependent manner (1–2000 mmol L(−1)). The area of activated sweat glands was assessed via the modified iodine‐paper technique. In Protocol 2 (n = 6), the area of inhibited sweat glands induced by ouabain and atropine was assessed during moderate‐intensity cycling. Marked variability in the affected skin area was observed (0.9 ± 0.4 to 5.2 ± 1.1 cm(2)). In Protocol 3 (n = 6), we compared the attenuation in local sweat rate (LSR) induced by atropine between the new and classic capsule during moderate‐intensity cycling. Atropine attenuated sweating as assessed using the new (control: 0.87 ± 0.23 mg min(−1) cm(−2) vs. atropine: 0.54 ± 0.22 mg min(−1) cm(−2); P < 0.01) and classic (control: 0.85 ± 0.33 mg min(−1) cm(−2) vs. atropine: 0.60 ± 0.26 mg min(−1) cm(−2); P = 0.05) capsule designs. Importantly, responses did not differ between capsule designs (P = 0.23). These findings provide critical information regarding the skin surface area perfused by microdialysis and suggest that use of a larger capsule does not alter the mechanistic insight into the sweating response gained when using microdialysis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4814883 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48148832016-04-11 Exploring the mechanisms underpinning sweating: the development of a specialized ventilated capsule for use with intradermal microdialysis Meade, Robert D. Louie, Jeffrey C. Poirier, Martin P. McGinn, Ryan Fujii, Naoto Kenny, Glen P. Physiol Rep Original Research Many studies have aimed to identify the controllers of sweating using ventilated capsules with intradermal microdialysis. It is unclear, however, if the surface area covered by the capsule influences the observed response as a result of differences in the number of sweat glands affected by the infused pharmacological agent relative to the total glands captured by the capsule. We evaluated the area of skin perfused with agents delivered via microdialysis. Thereafter, we developed a specialized sweat capsule (1.1 cm(2)) and compared the sweating response with a classic capsule (2.8 cm(2)). In Protocol 1 (n = 6), methacholine was delivered to forearm skin in a dose‐dependent manner (1–2000 mmol L(−1)). The area of activated sweat glands was assessed via the modified iodine‐paper technique. In Protocol 2 (n = 6), the area of inhibited sweat glands induced by ouabain and atropine was assessed during moderate‐intensity cycling. Marked variability in the affected skin area was observed (0.9 ± 0.4 to 5.2 ± 1.1 cm(2)). In Protocol 3 (n = 6), we compared the attenuation in local sweat rate (LSR) induced by atropine between the new and classic capsule during moderate‐intensity cycling. Atropine attenuated sweating as assessed using the new (control: 0.87 ± 0.23 mg min(−1) cm(−2) vs. atropine: 0.54 ± 0.22 mg min(−1) cm(−2); P < 0.01) and classic (control: 0.85 ± 0.33 mg min(−1) cm(−2) vs. atropine: 0.60 ± 0.26 mg min(−1) cm(−2); P = 0.05) capsule designs. Importantly, responses did not differ between capsule designs (P = 0.23). These findings provide critical information regarding the skin surface area perfused by microdialysis and suggest that use of a larger capsule does not alter the mechanistic insight into the sweating response gained when using microdialysis. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC4814883/ /pubmed/27033452 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12738 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Meade, Robert D. Louie, Jeffrey C. Poirier, Martin P. McGinn, Ryan Fujii, Naoto Kenny, Glen P. Exploring the mechanisms underpinning sweating: the development of a specialized ventilated capsule for use with intradermal microdialysis |
title | Exploring the mechanisms underpinning sweating: the development of a specialized ventilated capsule for use with intradermal microdialysis |
title_full | Exploring the mechanisms underpinning sweating: the development of a specialized ventilated capsule for use with intradermal microdialysis |
title_fullStr | Exploring the mechanisms underpinning sweating: the development of a specialized ventilated capsule for use with intradermal microdialysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the mechanisms underpinning sweating: the development of a specialized ventilated capsule for use with intradermal microdialysis |
title_short | Exploring the mechanisms underpinning sweating: the development of a specialized ventilated capsule for use with intradermal microdialysis |
title_sort | exploring the mechanisms underpinning sweating: the development of a specialized ventilated capsule for use with intradermal microdialysis |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4814883/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27033452 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12738 |
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