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Mosquito host choices on livestock amplifiers of Rift Valley fever virus in Kenya

BACKGROUND: Animal hosts may vary in their attraction and acceptability as components of the host location process for assessing preference, and biting rates of vectors and risk of exposure to pathogens. However, these parameters remain poorly understood for mosquito vectors of the Rift Valley fever...

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Autores principales: Tchouassi, David P., Okiro, Robinson O. K., Sang, Rosemary, Cohnstaedt, Lee W., McVey, David Scott, Torto, Baldwyn
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4815150/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27036889
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1473-x
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author Tchouassi, David P.
Okiro, Robinson O. K.
Sang, Rosemary
Cohnstaedt, Lee W.
McVey, David Scott
Torto, Baldwyn
author_facet Tchouassi, David P.
Okiro, Robinson O. K.
Sang, Rosemary
Cohnstaedt, Lee W.
McVey, David Scott
Torto, Baldwyn
author_sort Tchouassi, David P.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Animal hosts may vary in their attraction and acceptability as components of the host location process for assessing preference, and biting rates of vectors and risk of exposure to pathogens. However, these parameters remain poorly understood for mosquito vectors of the Rift Valley fever (RVF), an arboviral disease, and for a community of mosquitoes. METHODS: Using three known livestock amplifiers of RVF virus including sheep, goat and cattle as bait in enclosure traps, we investigated the host-feeding patterns for a community of mosquitoes in Naivasha, an endemic area of Rift Valley fever (RVF), in a longitudinal study for six months (June–November 2015). We estimated the incidence rate ratios (IRR) where mosquitoes chose cow over the other livestock hosts by comparing their attraction (total number collected) and engorgement rate (proportion freshly blood-fed) on these hosts. RESULTS: Overall, significant differences were observed in host preference parameters for attraction (F(2,15) = 4.1314, P = 0.037) and engorgement (F(2,15) = 6.24, P = 0.01) with cow consistently attracting about 3-fold as many mosquitoes as those engorged on sheep (attraction: IRR = 2.9, 95 % CI 1.24–7.96; engorgement: IRR = 3.2, 95 % CI = 1.38–7.38) or goat (attraction: IRR = 2.7, 95 % CI 1.18–7.16; engorgement: IRR = 3.28, 95 % CI 1.47–7.53). However, there was no difference between the attraction elicited by sheep and goat (IRR = 1.08; 95 % CI 0.35–3.33 or engorgement rate (IRR = 0.96, 95 % CI  0.36–2.57). CONCLUSION: Despite the overall attractive pattern to feed preferentially on cows, the engorgement rate was clearly independent of the number attracted for certain mosquito species, notably among the flood water Aedes spp., largely incriminated previously as primary vectors of RVF. Our findings suggest that insecticide treated cattle (ITC) can be exploited in enclosure traps as contact bait in the monitoring and control of disease-causing mosquitoes in RVF endemic areas.
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spelling pubmed-48151502016-04-01 Mosquito host choices on livestock amplifiers of Rift Valley fever virus in Kenya Tchouassi, David P. Okiro, Robinson O. K. Sang, Rosemary Cohnstaedt, Lee W. McVey, David Scott Torto, Baldwyn Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Animal hosts may vary in their attraction and acceptability as components of the host location process for assessing preference, and biting rates of vectors and risk of exposure to pathogens. However, these parameters remain poorly understood for mosquito vectors of the Rift Valley fever (RVF), an arboviral disease, and for a community of mosquitoes. METHODS: Using three known livestock amplifiers of RVF virus including sheep, goat and cattle as bait in enclosure traps, we investigated the host-feeding patterns for a community of mosquitoes in Naivasha, an endemic area of Rift Valley fever (RVF), in a longitudinal study for six months (June–November 2015). We estimated the incidence rate ratios (IRR) where mosquitoes chose cow over the other livestock hosts by comparing their attraction (total number collected) and engorgement rate (proportion freshly blood-fed) on these hosts. RESULTS: Overall, significant differences were observed in host preference parameters for attraction (F(2,15) = 4.1314, P = 0.037) and engorgement (F(2,15) = 6.24, P = 0.01) with cow consistently attracting about 3-fold as many mosquitoes as those engorged on sheep (attraction: IRR = 2.9, 95 % CI 1.24–7.96; engorgement: IRR = 3.2, 95 % CI = 1.38–7.38) or goat (attraction: IRR = 2.7, 95 % CI 1.18–7.16; engorgement: IRR = 3.28, 95 % CI 1.47–7.53). However, there was no difference between the attraction elicited by sheep and goat (IRR = 1.08; 95 % CI 0.35–3.33 or engorgement rate (IRR = 0.96, 95 % CI  0.36–2.57). CONCLUSION: Despite the overall attractive pattern to feed preferentially on cows, the engorgement rate was clearly independent of the number attracted for certain mosquito species, notably among the flood water Aedes spp., largely incriminated previously as primary vectors of RVF. Our findings suggest that insecticide treated cattle (ITC) can be exploited in enclosure traps as contact bait in the monitoring and control of disease-causing mosquitoes in RVF endemic areas. BioMed Central 2016-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC4815150/ /pubmed/27036889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1473-x Text en © Tchouassi et al. 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Tchouassi, David P.
Okiro, Robinson O. K.
Sang, Rosemary
Cohnstaedt, Lee W.
McVey, David Scott
Torto, Baldwyn
Mosquito host choices on livestock amplifiers of Rift Valley fever virus in Kenya
title Mosquito host choices on livestock amplifiers of Rift Valley fever virus in Kenya
title_full Mosquito host choices on livestock amplifiers of Rift Valley fever virus in Kenya
title_fullStr Mosquito host choices on livestock amplifiers of Rift Valley fever virus in Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Mosquito host choices on livestock amplifiers of Rift Valley fever virus in Kenya
title_short Mosquito host choices on livestock amplifiers of Rift Valley fever virus in Kenya
title_sort mosquito host choices on livestock amplifiers of rift valley fever virus in kenya
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4815150/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27036889
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1473-x
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