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Methodology Series Module 2: Case-control Studies
Case-Control study design is a type of observational study. In this design, participants are selected for the study based on their outcome status. Thus, some participants have the outcome of interest (referred to as cases), whereas others do not have the outcome of interest (referred to as controls)...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
2016
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4817437/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27057012 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.177773 |
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author | Setia, Maninder Singh |
author_facet | Setia, Maninder Singh |
author_sort | Setia, Maninder Singh |
collection | PubMed |
description | Case-Control study design is a type of observational study. In this design, participants are selected for the study based on their outcome status. Thus, some participants have the outcome of interest (referred to as cases), whereas others do not have the outcome of interest (referred to as controls). The investigator then assesses the exposure in both these groups. The investigator should define the cases as specifically as possible. Sometimes, definition of a disease may be based on multiple criteria; thus, all these points should be explicitly stated in case definition. An important aspect of selecting a control is that they should be from the same ‘study base’ as that of the cases. We can select controls from a variety of groups. Some of them are: General population; relatives or friends; and hospital patients. Matching is often used in case-control control studies to ensure that the cases and controls are similar in certain characteristics, and it is a useful technique to increase the efficiency of the study. Case-Control studies can usually be conducted relatively faster and are inexpensive – particularly when compared with cohort studies (prospective). It is useful to study rare outcomes and outcomes with long latent periods. This design is not very useful to study rare exposures. Furthermore, they may also be prone to certain biases – selection bias and recall bias. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4817437 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48174372016-04-07 Methodology Series Module 2: Case-control Studies Setia, Maninder Singh Indian J Dermatol IJD® Module on Biostatistics and Research Methodology for the Dermatologist: Module Editor: Saumya Panda Case-Control study design is a type of observational study. In this design, participants are selected for the study based on their outcome status. Thus, some participants have the outcome of interest (referred to as cases), whereas others do not have the outcome of interest (referred to as controls). The investigator then assesses the exposure in both these groups. The investigator should define the cases as specifically as possible. Sometimes, definition of a disease may be based on multiple criteria; thus, all these points should be explicitly stated in case definition. An important aspect of selecting a control is that they should be from the same ‘study base’ as that of the cases. We can select controls from a variety of groups. Some of them are: General population; relatives or friends; and hospital patients. Matching is often used in case-control control studies to ensure that the cases and controls are similar in certain characteristics, and it is a useful technique to increase the efficiency of the study. Case-Control studies can usually be conducted relatively faster and are inexpensive – particularly when compared with cohort studies (prospective). It is useful to study rare outcomes and outcomes with long latent periods. This design is not very useful to study rare exposures. Furthermore, they may also be prone to certain biases – selection bias and recall bias. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2016 /pmc/articles/PMC4817437/ /pubmed/27057012 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.177773 Text en Copyright: © 2016 Indian Journal of Dermatology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | IJD® Module on Biostatistics and Research Methodology for the Dermatologist: Module Editor: Saumya Panda Setia, Maninder Singh Methodology Series Module 2: Case-control Studies |
title | Methodology Series Module 2: Case-control Studies |
title_full | Methodology Series Module 2: Case-control Studies |
title_fullStr | Methodology Series Module 2: Case-control Studies |
title_full_unstemmed | Methodology Series Module 2: Case-control Studies |
title_short | Methodology Series Module 2: Case-control Studies |
title_sort | methodology series module 2: case-control studies |
topic | IJD® Module on Biostatistics and Research Methodology for the Dermatologist: Module Editor: Saumya Panda |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4817437/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27057012 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.177773 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT setiamanindersingh methodologyseriesmodule2casecontrolstudies |