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Extract from a mutant Rhodobacter sphaeroides as an enriched carotenoid source
BACKGROUND: The extract Lycogen™ from the phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides (WL-APD911) has attracted significant attention because of its promising potential as a bioactive mixture, attributed in part to its anti-inflammatory properties and anti-oxidative activity. OBJECTIVE: This stud...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Co-Action Publishing
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4818355/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27037001 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v60.29580 |
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author | Wang, Chih-Chiang Ding, Shangwu Chiu, Kuo-Hsun Liu, Wen-Sheng Lin, Tai-Jung Wen, Zhi-Hong |
author_facet | Wang, Chih-Chiang Ding, Shangwu Chiu, Kuo-Hsun Liu, Wen-Sheng Lin, Tai-Jung Wen, Zhi-Hong |
author_sort | Wang, Chih-Chiang |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The extract Lycogen™ from the phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides (WL-APD911) has attracted significant attention because of its promising potential as a bioactive mixture, attributed in part to its anti-inflammatory properties and anti-oxidative activity. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the components of Lycogen™ and its anti-inflammatory properties and anti-oxidative activity. DESIGN AND RESULTS: The mutant strain R. sphaeroides (WL-APD911) whose carotenoid 1,2-hydratase gene has been altered by chemical mutagenesis was used for the production of a new carotenoid. The strain was grown at 30°C on Luria–Bertani (LB) agar plates. After a 4-day culture period, the mutant strain displayed a 3.5-fold increase in carotenoid content, relative to the wild type. In the DPPH test, Lycogen™ showed more potent anti-oxidative activity than lycopene from the wild-type strain. Primary skin irritation test with hamsters showed no irritation response in hamster skins after 30 days of treatment with 0.2% Lycogen™. Chemical investigations of Lycogen™ using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1)H, (13)C, and COSY/DQCOSY spectra have identified spheroidenone and methoxyneurosporene. Quantitative analysis of these identified compounds based on spectral intensities indicates that spheroidenone and methoxyneurosporene are major components (approximately 1:1); very small quantities of other derivatives are also present in the sample. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we identified the major carotenoid compounds contained in Lycogen™, including spheroidenone and methoxyneurosporene by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy analysis. The carotenoid content of this mutant strain of R. sphaeroides was 3.5-fold higher than that in normal strain. Furthermore, Lycogen™ from the mutant strain is more potent than lycopene from the wild-type strain and does not cause irritation in hamster skins. These findings suggest that this mutant strain has the potential to be used as an enriched carotenoid source. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4818355 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Co-Action Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48183552016-04-22 Extract from a mutant Rhodobacter sphaeroides as an enriched carotenoid source Wang, Chih-Chiang Ding, Shangwu Chiu, Kuo-Hsun Liu, Wen-Sheng Lin, Tai-Jung Wen, Zhi-Hong Food Nutr Res Original Article BACKGROUND: The extract Lycogen™ from the phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides (WL-APD911) has attracted significant attention because of its promising potential as a bioactive mixture, attributed in part to its anti-inflammatory properties and anti-oxidative activity. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the components of Lycogen™ and its anti-inflammatory properties and anti-oxidative activity. DESIGN AND RESULTS: The mutant strain R. sphaeroides (WL-APD911) whose carotenoid 1,2-hydratase gene has been altered by chemical mutagenesis was used for the production of a new carotenoid. The strain was grown at 30°C on Luria–Bertani (LB) agar plates. After a 4-day culture period, the mutant strain displayed a 3.5-fold increase in carotenoid content, relative to the wild type. In the DPPH test, Lycogen™ showed more potent anti-oxidative activity than lycopene from the wild-type strain. Primary skin irritation test with hamsters showed no irritation response in hamster skins after 30 days of treatment with 0.2% Lycogen™. Chemical investigations of Lycogen™ using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1)H, (13)C, and COSY/DQCOSY spectra have identified spheroidenone and methoxyneurosporene. Quantitative analysis of these identified compounds based on spectral intensities indicates that spheroidenone and methoxyneurosporene are major components (approximately 1:1); very small quantities of other derivatives are also present in the sample. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we identified the major carotenoid compounds contained in Lycogen™, including spheroidenone and methoxyneurosporene by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy analysis. The carotenoid content of this mutant strain of R. sphaeroides was 3.5-fold higher than that in normal strain. Furthermore, Lycogen™ from the mutant strain is more potent than lycopene from the wild-type strain and does not cause irritation in hamster skins. These findings suggest that this mutant strain has the potential to be used as an enriched carotenoid source. Co-Action Publishing 2016-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC4818355/ /pubmed/27037001 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v60.29580 Text en © 2016 Chih-Chiang Wang et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Wang, Chih-Chiang Ding, Shangwu Chiu, Kuo-Hsun Liu, Wen-Sheng Lin, Tai-Jung Wen, Zhi-Hong Extract from a mutant Rhodobacter sphaeroides as an enriched carotenoid source |
title | Extract from a mutant Rhodobacter sphaeroides as an enriched carotenoid source |
title_full | Extract from a mutant Rhodobacter sphaeroides as an enriched carotenoid source |
title_fullStr | Extract from a mutant Rhodobacter sphaeroides as an enriched carotenoid source |
title_full_unstemmed | Extract from a mutant Rhodobacter sphaeroides as an enriched carotenoid source |
title_short | Extract from a mutant Rhodobacter sphaeroides as an enriched carotenoid source |
title_sort | extract from a mutant rhodobacter sphaeroides as an enriched carotenoid source |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4818355/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27037001 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v60.29580 |
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