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Diabetic retinopathy in Tanzania: prevalence and risk factors at entry into a regional screening programme

OBJECTIVE: The number of adults with diabetes in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) is expected to almost double by 2035. This study investigated the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its risk factors at entry into a community‐based screening programme. METHODS: All persons with diabetes screened fo...

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Autores principales: Cleland, Charles R., Burton, Matthew J., Hall, Claudette, Hall, Anthony, Courtright, Paul, Makupa, William U., Philippin, Heiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4819693/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26644361
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12652
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author Cleland, Charles R.
Burton, Matthew J.
Hall, Claudette
Hall, Anthony
Courtright, Paul
Makupa, William U.
Philippin, Heiko
author_facet Cleland, Charles R.
Burton, Matthew J.
Hall, Claudette
Hall, Anthony
Courtright, Paul
Makupa, William U.
Philippin, Heiko
author_sort Cleland, Charles R.
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: The number of adults with diabetes in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) is expected to almost double by 2035. This study investigated the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its risk factors at entry into a community‐based screening programme. METHODS: All persons with diabetes screened for retinopathy at entry into a screening programme in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania between November 2010 and December 2014 were included. Fundus photographs were taken with a Topcon retinal camera following pupil dilation. Data were collected on BP, random blood sugar, duration of diabetes, BMI and visual acuity on entry. RESULTS: A total of 3187 persons were screened for DR. The prevalence of any DR was 27.9% (95%CI 26.4–29.5%) with background diabetic retinopathy (BDR), pre‐proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) having a prevalence of 19.1% (95% CI 17.7–20.4%), 6.0% (95%CI 5.2–6.8%) and 2.9% (95%CI 2.3–3.5%), respectively. Maculopathy was present in 16.1% (95%CI 14.8–17.4%) of participants. Multivariable logistic regression analysis for the presence of any DR found independent associations with duration of diabetes (P < 0.0001), systolic BP (P < 0.0001), random blood sugar (P < 0.0001) and attending a government hospital diabetic clinic (P = 0.0339). CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to present data from a DR screening programme in SSA. The results will provide policymakers with data to aid planning of DR screening and treatment services in the African region. The study highlights the importance of managing comorbidities within DR screening programmes.
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spelling pubmed-48196932016-04-28 Diabetic retinopathy in Tanzania: prevalence and risk factors at entry into a regional screening programme Cleland, Charles R. Burton, Matthew J. Hall, Claudette Hall, Anthony Courtright, Paul Makupa, William U. Philippin, Heiko Trop Med Int Health Original Research Papers OBJECTIVE: The number of adults with diabetes in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) is expected to almost double by 2035. This study investigated the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its risk factors at entry into a community‐based screening programme. METHODS: All persons with diabetes screened for retinopathy at entry into a screening programme in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania between November 2010 and December 2014 were included. Fundus photographs were taken with a Topcon retinal camera following pupil dilation. Data were collected on BP, random blood sugar, duration of diabetes, BMI and visual acuity on entry. RESULTS: A total of 3187 persons were screened for DR. The prevalence of any DR was 27.9% (95%CI 26.4–29.5%) with background diabetic retinopathy (BDR), pre‐proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) having a prevalence of 19.1% (95% CI 17.7–20.4%), 6.0% (95%CI 5.2–6.8%) and 2.9% (95%CI 2.3–3.5%), respectively. Maculopathy was present in 16.1% (95%CI 14.8–17.4%) of participants. Multivariable logistic regression analysis for the presence of any DR found independent associations with duration of diabetes (P < 0.0001), systolic BP (P < 0.0001), random blood sugar (P < 0.0001) and attending a government hospital diabetic clinic (P = 0.0339). CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to present data from a DR screening programme in SSA. The results will provide policymakers with data to aid planning of DR screening and treatment services in the African region. The study highlights the importance of managing comorbidities within DR screening programmes. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-01-13 2016-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4819693/ /pubmed/26644361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12652 Text en © 2015 The Authors Tropical Medicine & International Health Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research Papers
Cleland, Charles R.
Burton, Matthew J.
Hall, Claudette
Hall, Anthony
Courtright, Paul
Makupa, William U.
Philippin, Heiko
Diabetic retinopathy in Tanzania: prevalence and risk factors at entry into a regional screening programme
title Diabetic retinopathy in Tanzania: prevalence and risk factors at entry into a regional screening programme
title_full Diabetic retinopathy in Tanzania: prevalence and risk factors at entry into a regional screening programme
title_fullStr Diabetic retinopathy in Tanzania: prevalence and risk factors at entry into a regional screening programme
title_full_unstemmed Diabetic retinopathy in Tanzania: prevalence and risk factors at entry into a regional screening programme
title_short Diabetic retinopathy in Tanzania: prevalence and risk factors at entry into a regional screening programme
title_sort diabetic retinopathy in tanzania: prevalence and risk factors at entry into a regional screening programme
topic Original Research Papers
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4819693/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26644361
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12652
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