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A critical review of perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure and immunological health conditions in humans

Whether perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), two widely used and biopersistent synthetic chemicals, are immunotoxic in humans is unclear. Accordingly, this article systematically and critically reviews the epidemiologic evidence on the association between exposure to PFOA a...

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Autores principales: Chang, Ellen T., Adami, Hans-Olov, Boffetta, Paolo, Wedner, H. James, Mandel, Jack S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4819831/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26761418
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10408444.2015.1122573
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author Chang, Ellen T.
Adami, Hans-Olov
Boffetta, Paolo
Wedner, H. James
Mandel, Jack S.
author_facet Chang, Ellen T.
Adami, Hans-Olov
Boffetta, Paolo
Wedner, H. James
Mandel, Jack S.
author_sort Chang, Ellen T.
collection PubMed
description Whether perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), two widely used and biopersistent synthetic chemicals, are immunotoxic in humans is unclear. Accordingly, this article systematically and critically reviews the epidemiologic evidence on the association between exposure to PFOA and PFOS and various immune-related health conditions in humans. Twenty-four epidemiologic studies have reported associations of PFOA and/or PFOS with immune-related health conditions, including ten studies of immune biomarker levels or gene expression patterns, ten studies of atopic or allergic disorders, five studies of infectious diseases, four studies of vaccine responses, and five studies of chronic inflammatory or autoimmune conditions (with several studies evaluating multiple endpoints). Asthma, the most commonly studied condition, was evaluated in seven studies. With few, often methodologically limited studies of any particular health condition, generally inconsistent results, and an inability to exclude confounding, bias, or chance as an explanation for observed associations, the available epidemiologic evidence is insufficient to reach a conclusion about a causal relationship between exposure to PFOA and PFOS and any immune-related health condition in humans. When interpreting such studies, an immunodeficiency should not be presumed to exist when there is no evidence of a clinical abnormality. Large, prospective studies with repeated exposure assessment in independent populations are needed to confirm some suggestive associations with certain endpoints.
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spelling pubmed-48198312016-04-22 A critical review of perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure and immunological health conditions in humans Chang, Ellen T. Adami, Hans-Olov Boffetta, Paolo Wedner, H. James Mandel, Jack S. Crit Rev Toxicol Review Articles Whether perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), two widely used and biopersistent synthetic chemicals, are immunotoxic in humans is unclear. Accordingly, this article systematically and critically reviews the epidemiologic evidence on the association between exposure to PFOA and PFOS and various immune-related health conditions in humans. Twenty-four epidemiologic studies have reported associations of PFOA and/or PFOS with immune-related health conditions, including ten studies of immune biomarker levels or gene expression patterns, ten studies of atopic or allergic disorders, five studies of infectious diseases, four studies of vaccine responses, and five studies of chronic inflammatory or autoimmune conditions (with several studies evaluating multiple endpoints). Asthma, the most commonly studied condition, was evaluated in seven studies. With few, often methodologically limited studies of any particular health condition, generally inconsistent results, and an inability to exclude confounding, bias, or chance as an explanation for observed associations, the available epidemiologic evidence is insufficient to reach a conclusion about a causal relationship between exposure to PFOA and PFOS and any immune-related health condition in humans. When interpreting such studies, an immunodeficiency should not be presumed to exist when there is no evidence of a clinical abnormality. Large, prospective studies with repeated exposure assessment in independent populations are needed to confirm some suggestive associations with certain endpoints. Taylor & Francis 2016-04-20 2016-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4819831/ /pubmed/26761418 http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10408444.2015.1122573 Text en © 2016 Exponent, Inc. Published by Taylor & Francis. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Chang, Ellen T.
Adami, Hans-Olov
Boffetta, Paolo
Wedner, H. James
Mandel, Jack S.
A critical review of perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure and immunological health conditions in humans
title A critical review of perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure and immunological health conditions in humans
title_full A critical review of perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure and immunological health conditions in humans
title_fullStr A critical review of perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure and immunological health conditions in humans
title_full_unstemmed A critical review of perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure and immunological health conditions in humans
title_short A critical review of perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure and immunological health conditions in humans
title_sort critical review of perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure and immunological health conditions in humans
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4819831/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26761418
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10408444.2015.1122573
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