Hormetic Effect of H(2)O(2) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Involvement of TOR and Glutathione Reductase

In this study, we investigated the relationship between target of rapamycin (TOR) and H(2)O(2)-induced hormetic response in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown on glucose or fructose. In general, our data suggest that: (1) hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) induces hormesis in a TOR-dependent manner; (2) the H(2)O(2)-induced hormetic dose–response in yeast depends on the type of carbohydrate in growth medium; (3) the concentration-dependent effect of H(2)O(2) on yeast colony growth positively correlates with the activity of glutathione reductase that suggests the enzyme involvement in the H(2)O(2)-induced hormetic response; and (4) both TOR1 and TOR2 are involved in the reciprocal regulation of the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glyoxalase 1.