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Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Silica in Small Foundries in Pakdasht, Iran

BACKGROUND: The term crystallized silica refers to the crystallized form of Sio(2) and quartz, the most frequency composition in the earth’s crust that can cause silicosis and lung cancer through occupational exposure and inhalation of its large quantities. METHODS: Occupational exposure of workers...

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Autores principales: OMIDIANIDOST, Ali, GHASEMKHANI, Mehdi, KAKOOEI, Hossein, SHAHTAHERI, Seyed Jamaleddin, GHANBARI, Masud
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4822397/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27057524
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author OMIDIANIDOST, Ali
GHASEMKHANI, Mehdi
KAKOOEI, Hossein
SHAHTAHERI, Seyed Jamaleddin
GHANBARI, Masud
author_facet OMIDIANIDOST, Ali
GHASEMKHANI, Mehdi
KAKOOEI, Hossein
SHAHTAHERI, Seyed Jamaleddin
GHANBARI, Masud
author_sort OMIDIANIDOST, Ali
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The term crystallized silica refers to the crystallized form of Sio(2) and quartz, the most frequency composition in the earth’s crust that can cause silicosis and lung cancer through occupational exposure and inhalation of its large quantities. METHODS: Occupational exposure of workers in Pakdasht, Iran, in 2011 was investigated in four different casting processes in small foundries with less than 10 workers. Sampling respirable dust was collected on MCE filter, using HD cyclone at a flow rate of 2.2 lit/min. The filters were analyzed for dust using NIOSH Method 7601. Gravimetric and visible absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine amounts of inhalable dust and free silica, respectively. Risk assessment techniques were also used to predict silicosis and lung cancer. RESULTS: Geometric means of occupational exposure to crystalline silica in 4 different casting processes were studied within the range of 0.009–0.04 mg/m(3). Mortality rate due to silicosis was in the range of 1–13.7 per 1000 persons exposed. Risk of mortality due to lung cancer in exposed workers in small casting workshops in Pakdasht, Iran ranged 4–16 per 1000 persons exposed based on geometric mean and 45 years of exposure. According to risk assessment, mortality due to silicosis, cumulative exposure of 96% of population was at an acceptable level of 1/1000. CONCLUSION: Fifty percent of workers were exposed to crystalline silica dust in excess of Recommended Exposure Limit -NIOSH and Threshold Limit Value ACGIH (0.025 mg/m(3)). Several cases of silicosis and lung cancer are anticipated for this occupational group in near future.
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spelling pubmed-48223972016-04-07 Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Silica in Small Foundries in Pakdasht, Iran OMIDIANIDOST, Ali GHASEMKHANI, Mehdi KAKOOEI, Hossein SHAHTAHERI, Seyed Jamaleddin GHANBARI, Masud Iran J Public Health Original Article BACKGROUND: The term crystallized silica refers to the crystallized form of Sio(2) and quartz, the most frequency composition in the earth’s crust that can cause silicosis and lung cancer through occupational exposure and inhalation of its large quantities. METHODS: Occupational exposure of workers in Pakdasht, Iran, in 2011 was investigated in four different casting processes in small foundries with less than 10 workers. Sampling respirable dust was collected on MCE filter, using HD cyclone at a flow rate of 2.2 lit/min. The filters were analyzed for dust using NIOSH Method 7601. Gravimetric and visible absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine amounts of inhalable dust and free silica, respectively. Risk assessment techniques were also used to predict silicosis and lung cancer. RESULTS: Geometric means of occupational exposure to crystalline silica in 4 different casting processes were studied within the range of 0.009–0.04 mg/m(3). Mortality rate due to silicosis was in the range of 1–13.7 per 1000 persons exposed. Risk of mortality due to lung cancer in exposed workers in small casting workshops in Pakdasht, Iran ranged 4–16 per 1000 persons exposed based on geometric mean and 45 years of exposure. According to risk assessment, mortality due to silicosis, cumulative exposure of 96% of population was at an acceptable level of 1/1000. CONCLUSION: Fifty percent of workers were exposed to crystalline silica dust in excess of Recommended Exposure Limit -NIOSH and Threshold Limit Value ACGIH (0.025 mg/m(3)). Several cases of silicosis and lung cancer are anticipated for this occupational group in near future. Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2016-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4822397/ /pubmed/27057524 Text en Copyright© Iranian Public Health Association & Tehran University of Medical Sciences This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.
spellingShingle Original Article
OMIDIANIDOST, Ali
GHASEMKHANI, Mehdi
KAKOOEI, Hossein
SHAHTAHERI, Seyed Jamaleddin
GHANBARI, Masud
Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Silica in Small Foundries in Pakdasht, Iran
title Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Silica in Small Foundries in Pakdasht, Iran
title_full Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Silica in Small Foundries in Pakdasht, Iran
title_fullStr Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Silica in Small Foundries in Pakdasht, Iran
title_full_unstemmed Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Silica in Small Foundries in Pakdasht, Iran
title_short Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Silica in Small Foundries in Pakdasht, Iran
title_sort risk assessment of occupational exposure to crystalline silica in small foundries in pakdasht, iran
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4822397/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27057524
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