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Impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the control of parasite loads and inflammation in Leishmania amazonensis infection
BACKGROUND: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) protect the host against a large number of pathogenic microorganisms. ROS have different effects on parasites of the genus Leishmania: some parasites are susceptible to their action, while others seem to be resistant. The role of ROS in L. amazonensis infect...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4825088/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27056545 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1472-y |
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author | Roma, Eric Henrique Macedo, Juan Pereira Goes, Grazielle Ribeiro Gonçalves, Juliana Lauar Castro, Waldionê de Cisalpino, Daniel Vieira, Leda Quercia |
author_facet | Roma, Eric Henrique Macedo, Juan Pereira Goes, Grazielle Ribeiro Gonçalves, Juliana Lauar Castro, Waldionê de Cisalpino, Daniel Vieira, Leda Quercia |
author_sort | Roma, Eric Henrique |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) protect the host against a large number of pathogenic microorganisms. ROS have different effects on parasites of the genus Leishmania: some parasites are susceptible to their action, while others seem to be resistant. The role of ROS in L. amazonensis infection in vivo has not been addressed to date. METHODS: In this study, C57BL/6 wild-type mice (WT) and mice genetically deficient in ROS production by phagocytes (gp91(phox−/−)) were infected with metacyclic promastigotes of L. amazonensis to address the effect of ROS in parasite control. Inflammatory cytokines, parasite loads and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were evaluated. In parallel, in vitro infection of peritoneal macrophages was assessed to determine parasite killing, cytokine, NO and ROS production. RESULTS: In vitro results show induction of ROS production by infected peritoneal macrophages, but no effect in parasite killing. Also, ROS do not seem to be important to parasite killing in vivo, but they control lesion sizes at early stages of infection. IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-10 production did not differ among mouse strains. Myeloperoxidase assay showed augmented neutrophils influx 6 h and 72 h post - infection in gp91(phox−/−) mice, indicating a larger inflammatory response in gp91(phox−/−) even at early time points. At later time points, neutrophil numbers in lesions correlated with lesion size: larger lesions in gp91(phox−/−) at earlier times of infection corresponded to larger neutrophil infiltrates, while larger lesions in WT mice at the later points of infection also displayed larger numbers of neutrophils. CONCLUSION: ROS do not seem to be important in L. amazonensis killing, but they regulate the inflammatory response probably by controlling neutrophils numbers in lesions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4825088 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48250882016-04-09 Impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the control of parasite loads and inflammation in Leishmania amazonensis infection Roma, Eric Henrique Macedo, Juan Pereira Goes, Grazielle Ribeiro Gonçalves, Juliana Lauar Castro, Waldionê de Cisalpino, Daniel Vieira, Leda Quercia Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) protect the host against a large number of pathogenic microorganisms. ROS have different effects on parasites of the genus Leishmania: some parasites are susceptible to their action, while others seem to be resistant. The role of ROS in L. amazonensis infection in vivo has not been addressed to date. METHODS: In this study, C57BL/6 wild-type mice (WT) and mice genetically deficient in ROS production by phagocytes (gp91(phox−/−)) were infected with metacyclic promastigotes of L. amazonensis to address the effect of ROS in parasite control. Inflammatory cytokines, parasite loads and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were evaluated. In parallel, in vitro infection of peritoneal macrophages was assessed to determine parasite killing, cytokine, NO and ROS production. RESULTS: In vitro results show induction of ROS production by infected peritoneal macrophages, but no effect in parasite killing. Also, ROS do not seem to be important to parasite killing in vivo, but they control lesion sizes at early stages of infection. IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-10 production did not differ among mouse strains. Myeloperoxidase assay showed augmented neutrophils influx 6 h and 72 h post - infection in gp91(phox−/−) mice, indicating a larger inflammatory response in gp91(phox−/−) even at early time points. At later time points, neutrophil numbers in lesions correlated with lesion size: larger lesions in gp91(phox−/−) at earlier times of infection corresponded to larger neutrophil infiltrates, while larger lesions in WT mice at the later points of infection also displayed larger numbers of neutrophils. CONCLUSION: ROS do not seem to be important in L. amazonensis killing, but they regulate the inflammatory response probably by controlling neutrophils numbers in lesions. BioMed Central 2016-04-07 /pmc/articles/PMC4825088/ /pubmed/27056545 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1472-y Text en © Roma et al. 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Roma, Eric Henrique Macedo, Juan Pereira Goes, Grazielle Ribeiro Gonçalves, Juliana Lauar Castro, Waldionê de Cisalpino, Daniel Vieira, Leda Quercia Impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the control of parasite loads and inflammation in Leishmania amazonensis infection |
title | Impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the control of parasite loads and inflammation in Leishmania amazonensis infection |
title_full | Impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the control of parasite loads and inflammation in Leishmania amazonensis infection |
title_fullStr | Impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the control of parasite loads and inflammation in Leishmania amazonensis infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the control of parasite loads and inflammation in Leishmania amazonensis infection |
title_short | Impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the control of parasite loads and inflammation in Leishmania amazonensis infection |
title_sort | impact of reactive oxygen species (ros) on the control of parasite loads and inflammation in leishmania amazonensis infection |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4825088/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27056545 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1472-y |
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