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Risk factors assessment for nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistant strains among pre-clinical medical students of Nepal

BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a normal flora of nasal cavity, can cause minor to life threatening invasive diseases and nosocomial infections. Methicillin resistant strains of S. aureus are causing a great challenge for treatment options. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to...

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Autores principales: Ansari, Shamshul, Gautam, Rajendra, Shrestha, Sony, Ansari, Safiur Rahman, Subedi, Shankar Nanda, Chhetri, Muni Raj
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4828777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27068121
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2021-7
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author Ansari, Shamshul
Gautam, Rajendra
Shrestha, Sony
Ansari, Safiur Rahman
Subedi, Shankar Nanda
Chhetri, Muni Raj
author_facet Ansari, Shamshul
Gautam, Rajendra
Shrestha, Sony
Ansari, Safiur Rahman
Subedi, Shankar Nanda
Chhetri, Muni Raj
author_sort Ansari, Shamshul
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a normal flora of nasal cavity, can cause minor to life threatening invasive diseases and nosocomial infections. Methicillin resistant strains of S. aureus are causing a great challenge for treatment options. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the nasal carriage rate of S. aureus, its methicillin resistant strains and risk factors in medical students prior to clinical exposure. METHODS: The bacterial growth of S. aureus from nasal swab culture was identified by using standard microbiological methods recommended by American Society for Microbiology. Modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method was used for antibiotic susceptibility testing and methicillin resistance was confirmed using cefoxitin and oxacillin disks. D-zone test method was used to determine the inducible clindamycin resistance. RESULTS: Among 200 participants, nasal carriage of S. aureus was detected from 30 (15 %) subjects. Upper respiratory tract infections significantly (P < 0.05) contributed the carriage of S. aureus and their methicillin resistant strains. All of the isolates were reported to be susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin. S. aureus strains detected from 8 (4 %) students were confirmed to be methicillin resistant. CONCLUSIONS: The result of our study demands for strict policy to screen all the students for nasal carriage of S. aureus and its MRSA strains to minimize the transmission of this organism from community to hospital settings.
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spelling pubmed-48287772016-04-13 Risk factors assessment for nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistant strains among pre-clinical medical students of Nepal Ansari, Shamshul Gautam, Rajendra Shrestha, Sony Ansari, Safiur Rahman Subedi, Shankar Nanda Chhetri, Muni Raj BMC Res Notes Research Article BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a normal flora of nasal cavity, can cause minor to life threatening invasive diseases and nosocomial infections. Methicillin resistant strains of S. aureus are causing a great challenge for treatment options. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the nasal carriage rate of S. aureus, its methicillin resistant strains and risk factors in medical students prior to clinical exposure. METHODS: The bacterial growth of S. aureus from nasal swab culture was identified by using standard microbiological methods recommended by American Society for Microbiology. Modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method was used for antibiotic susceptibility testing and methicillin resistance was confirmed using cefoxitin and oxacillin disks. D-zone test method was used to determine the inducible clindamycin resistance. RESULTS: Among 200 participants, nasal carriage of S. aureus was detected from 30 (15 %) subjects. Upper respiratory tract infections significantly (P < 0.05) contributed the carriage of S. aureus and their methicillin resistant strains. All of the isolates were reported to be susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin. S. aureus strains detected from 8 (4 %) students were confirmed to be methicillin resistant. CONCLUSIONS: The result of our study demands for strict policy to screen all the students for nasal carriage of S. aureus and its MRSA strains to minimize the transmission of this organism from community to hospital settings. BioMed Central 2016-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4828777/ /pubmed/27068121 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2021-7 Text en © Ansari et al. 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ansari, Shamshul
Gautam, Rajendra
Shrestha, Sony
Ansari, Safiur Rahman
Subedi, Shankar Nanda
Chhetri, Muni Raj
Risk factors assessment for nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistant strains among pre-clinical medical students of Nepal
title Risk factors assessment for nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistant strains among pre-clinical medical students of Nepal
title_full Risk factors assessment for nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistant strains among pre-clinical medical students of Nepal
title_fullStr Risk factors assessment for nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistant strains among pre-clinical medical students of Nepal
title_full_unstemmed Risk factors assessment for nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistant strains among pre-clinical medical students of Nepal
title_short Risk factors assessment for nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistant strains among pre-clinical medical students of Nepal
title_sort risk factors assessment for nasal colonization of staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistant strains among pre-clinical medical students of nepal
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4828777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27068121
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2021-7
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