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Sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients in Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
BACKGROUND: Depression is a common comorbidity among patients with type 2 diabetes. There are several reports supporting a bidirectional association between depression and type 2 diabetes. However, there is limited data from non-western countries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the s...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4833927/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27083154 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-0809-6 |
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author | Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie Alemu, Sisay Mulugeta Haile, Yohannes Gebreegziabhere |
author_facet | Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie Alemu, Sisay Mulugeta Haile, Yohannes Gebreegziabhere |
author_sort | Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Depression is a common comorbidity among patients with type 2 diabetes. There are several reports supporting a bidirectional association between depression and type 2 diabetes. However, there is limited data from non-western countries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with co-morbid depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients presenting to Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS: This institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a random sample of 276 type 2 diabetic outpatients. Type 2 diabetes patients were evaluated for depression by administering a validated nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Risk factors for depression among type 2 diabetes patients were identified using multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULT: In total, 264 study participants were interviewed with a response rate of 95.6 %. The prevalence of depression was 44.7 %. In the multivariate analysis, the statistically significant risk factors for depression were monthly family income ≤ 650 (p-value = 0.056; OR = 2.0; 95 % CI = 1.01, 4.2), presence of ≥3 diabetic complications (p-value = 0.03; OR = 3.3; 95 % CI = 1.1, 10.0), diabetic nephropathy (p-value = 0.01; OR = 2.9; 95 % CI = 1.2, 6.7), negative life events (p-value = 0.01; OR = 2.4; 95 % CI = 1.2, 4.5), and poor social support (p-value = 0.001; OR = 2.7; 95 % CI = 1.5, 5.0). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that depression is a common co-morbid health problem with a prevalence rate of 44.7 %. The presence of diabetic complications, low monthly family income, diabetic nephropathy, negative life event, and poor social support were the statistically significant risk factors associated with depression. We presume that the burden of mental health especially depression is high in the population with type 2 diabetes mellitus co-morbidity. Therefore, specific attention is needed to diagnose early and treat promptly. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0809-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4833927 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48339272016-04-17 Sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients in Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie Alemu, Sisay Mulugeta Haile, Yohannes Gebreegziabhere BMC Psychiatry Research Article BACKGROUND: Depression is a common comorbidity among patients with type 2 diabetes. There are several reports supporting a bidirectional association between depression and type 2 diabetes. However, there is limited data from non-western countries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with co-morbid depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients presenting to Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS: This institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a random sample of 276 type 2 diabetic outpatients. Type 2 diabetes patients were evaluated for depression by administering a validated nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Risk factors for depression among type 2 diabetes patients were identified using multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULT: In total, 264 study participants were interviewed with a response rate of 95.6 %. The prevalence of depression was 44.7 %. In the multivariate analysis, the statistically significant risk factors for depression were monthly family income ≤ 650 (p-value = 0.056; OR = 2.0; 95 % CI = 1.01, 4.2), presence of ≥3 diabetic complications (p-value = 0.03; OR = 3.3; 95 % CI = 1.1, 10.0), diabetic nephropathy (p-value = 0.01; OR = 2.9; 95 % CI = 1.2, 6.7), negative life events (p-value = 0.01; OR = 2.4; 95 % CI = 1.2, 4.5), and poor social support (p-value = 0.001; OR = 2.7; 95 % CI = 1.5, 5.0). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that depression is a common co-morbid health problem with a prevalence rate of 44.7 %. The presence of diabetic complications, low monthly family income, diabetic nephropathy, negative life event, and poor social support were the statistically significant risk factors associated with depression. We presume that the burden of mental health especially depression is high in the population with type 2 diabetes mellitus co-morbidity. Therefore, specific attention is needed to diagnose early and treat promptly. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0809-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2016-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4833927/ /pubmed/27083154 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-0809-6 Text en © Habtewold et al. 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie Alemu, Sisay Mulugeta Haile, Yohannes Gebreegziabhere Sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients in Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
title | Sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients in Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
title_full | Sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients in Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
title_fullStr | Sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients in Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
title_full_unstemmed | Sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients in Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
title_short | Sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients in Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
title_sort | sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients in black lion general specialized hospital, addis ababa, ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4833927/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27083154 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-0809-6 |
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