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Midkine and Pleiotrophin Concentrations in Amniotic Fluid in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancies

BACKGROUND: Midkine (MDK) and pleiotrophin (PTN) are heparin-binding growth factors that, in rodents, are highly expressed in early life and decrease to undetectable levels by adulthood. The potential roles of MDK and PTN in human growth and development are not completely elucidated. METHOD AND FIND...

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Autores principales: Jee, Youn Hee, Lebenthal, Yael, Chaemsaithong, Piya, Yan, Gai, Peran, Ivana, Wellstein, Anton, Romero, Roberto, Baron, Jeffrey
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4835047/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27089523
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153325
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author Jee, Youn Hee
Lebenthal, Yael
Chaemsaithong, Piya
Yan, Gai
Peran, Ivana
Wellstein, Anton
Romero, Roberto
Baron, Jeffrey
author_facet Jee, Youn Hee
Lebenthal, Yael
Chaemsaithong, Piya
Yan, Gai
Peran, Ivana
Wellstein, Anton
Romero, Roberto
Baron, Jeffrey
author_sort Jee, Youn Hee
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Midkine (MDK) and pleiotrophin (PTN) are heparin-binding growth factors that, in rodents, are highly expressed in early life and decrease to undetectable levels by adulthood. The potential roles of MDK and PTN in human growth and development are not completely elucidated. METHOD AND FINDINGS: To delineate the role of MDK and PTN in human development, we developed high sensitivity assays to measure their concentrations in amniotic fluid (AF) at various gestational ages in both healthy and complicated pregnancies. We found that both of these growth factors could be readily measured in AF and that the concentrations were higher than most cytokines previously reported in AF. CONCLUSION: The concentration of MDK but not that of PTN declined with gestational age. Both MDK and PTN concentrations were found to be lower in pregnancies that were complicated by chorioamnionitis at term, raising the possibility that these growth factors might be useful as markers for infection.
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spelling pubmed-48350472016-04-29 Midkine and Pleiotrophin Concentrations in Amniotic Fluid in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancies Jee, Youn Hee Lebenthal, Yael Chaemsaithong, Piya Yan, Gai Peran, Ivana Wellstein, Anton Romero, Roberto Baron, Jeffrey PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Midkine (MDK) and pleiotrophin (PTN) are heparin-binding growth factors that, in rodents, are highly expressed in early life and decrease to undetectable levels by adulthood. The potential roles of MDK and PTN in human growth and development are not completely elucidated. METHOD AND FINDINGS: To delineate the role of MDK and PTN in human development, we developed high sensitivity assays to measure their concentrations in amniotic fluid (AF) at various gestational ages in both healthy and complicated pregnancies. We found that both of these growth factors could be readily measured in AF and that the concentrations were higher than most cytokines previously reported in AF. CONCLUSION: The concentration of MDK but not that of PTN declined with gestational age. Both MDK and PTN concentrations were found to be lower in pregnancies that were complicated by chorioamnionitis at term, raising the possibility that these growth factors might be useful as markers for infection. Public Library of Science 2016-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4835047/ /pubmed/27089523 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153325 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Jee, Youn Hee
Lebenthal, Yael
Chaemsaithong, Piya
Yan, Gai
Peran, Ivana
Wellstein, Anton
Romero, Roberto
Baron, Jeffrey
Midkine and Pleiotrophin Concentrations in Amniotic Fluid in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancies
title Midkine and Pleiotrophin Concentrations in Amniotic Fluid in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancies
title_full Midkine and Pleiotrophin Concentrations in Amniotic Fluid in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancies
title_fullStr Midkine and Pleiotrophin Concentrations in Amniotic Fluid in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancies
title_full_unstemmed Midkine and Pleiotrophin Concentrations in Amniotic Fluid in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancies
title_short Midkine and Pleiotrophin Concentrations in Amniotic Fluid in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancies
title_sort midkine and pleiotrophin concentrations in amniotic fluid in healthy and complicated pregnancies
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4835047/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27089523
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153325
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