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Target and Non-Target Processing during Oddball and Cyberball: A Comparative Event-Related Potential Study

The phenomenon of social exclusion can be investigated by using a virtual ball-tossing game called Cyberball. In neuroimaging studies, structures have been identified which are activated during social exclusion. But to date the underlying mechanisms are not fully disclosed. In previous electrophysio...

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Autores principales: Weschke, Sarah, Niedeggen, Michael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4839683/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27100787
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153941
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author Weschke, Sarah
Niedeggen, Michael
author_facet Weschke, Sarah
Niedeggen, Michael
author_sort Weschke, Sarah
collection PubMed
description The phenomenon of social exclusion can be investigated by using a virtual ball-tossing game called Cyberball. In neuroimaging studies, structures have been identified which are activated during social exclusion. But to date the underlying mechanisms are not fully disclosed. In previous electrophysiological studies it was shown that the P3 complex is sensitive to exclusion manipulations in the Cyberball paradigm and that there is a correlation between P3 amplitude and self-reported social pain. Since this posterior event-related potential (ERP) was widely investigated using the oddball paradigm, we directly compared the ERP effects elicited by the target (Cyberball: “ball possession”) and non-target (Cyberball: “ball possession of a co-player) events in both paradigms. Analyses mainly focused on the effect of altered stimulus probabilities of the target and non-target events between two consecutive blocks of the tasks. In the first block, the probability of the target and non-target event was 33% (Cyberball: inclusion), in the second block target probability was reduced to 17%, and accordingly, non-target probability was increased to 66% (Cyberball: exclusion). Our results indicate that ERP amplitude differences between inclusion and exclusion are comparable to ERP amplitude effects in a visual oddball task. We therefore suggest that ERP effects–especially in the P3 range–in the Oddball and Cyberball paradigm rely on similar mechanisms, namely the probability of target and non-target events. Since the simulation of social exclusion (Cyberball) did not trigger a unique ERP response, the idea of an exclusion-specific neural alarm system is not supported. The limitations of an ERP-based approach will be discussed.
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spelling pubmed-48396832016-04-29 Target and Non-Target Processing during Oddball and Cyberball: A Comparative Event-Related Potential Study Weschke, Sarah Niedeggen, Michael PLoS One Research Article The phenomenon of social exclusion can be investigated by using a virtual ball-tossing game called Cyberball. In neuroimaging studies, structures have been identified which are activated during social exclusion. But to date the underlying mechanisms are not fully disclosed. In previous electrophysiological studies it was shown that the P3 complex is sensitive to exclusion manipulations in the Cyberball paradigm and that there is a correlation between P3 amplitude and self-reported social pain. Since this posterior event-related potential (ERP) was widely investigated using the oddball paradigm, we directly compared the ERP effects elicited by the target (Cyberball: “ball possession”) and non-target (Cyberball: “ball possession of a co-player) events in both paradigms. Analyses mainly focused on the effect of altered stimulus probabilities of the target and non-target events between two consecutive blocks of the tasks. In the first block, the probability of the target and non-target event was 33% (Cyberball: inclusion), in the second block target probability was reduced to 17%, and accordingly, non-target probability was increased to 66% (Cyberball: exclusion). Our results indicate that ERP amplitude differences between inclusion and exclusion are comparable to ERP amplitude effects in a visual oddball task. We therefore suggest that ERP effects–especially in the P3 range–in the Oddball and Cyberball paradigm rely on similar mechanisms, namely the probability of target and non-target events. Since the simulation of social exclusion (Cyberball) did not trigger a unique ERP response, the idea of an exclusion-specific neural alarm system is not supported. The limitations of an ERP-based approach will be discussed. Public Library of Science 2016-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4839683/ /pubmed/27100787 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153941 Text en © 2016 Weschke, Niedeggen http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Weschke, Sarah
Niedeggen, Michael
Target and Non-Target Processing during Oddball and Cyberball: A Comparative Event-Related Potential Study
title Target and Non-Target Processing during Oddball and Cyberball: A Comparative Event-Related Potential Study
title_full Target and Non-Target Processing during Oddball and Cyberball: A Comparative Event-Related Potential Study
title_fullStr Target and Non-Target Processing during Oddball and Cyberball: A Comparative Event-Related Potential Study
title_full_unstemmed Target and Non-Target Processing during Oddball and Cyberball: A Comparative Event-Related Potential Study
title_short Target and Non-Target Processing during Oddball and Cyberball: A Comparative Event-Related Potential Study
title_sort target and non-target processing during oddball and cyberball: a comparative event-related potential study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4839683/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27100787
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153941
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