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Penium margaritaceum: A Unicellular Model Organism for Studying Plant Cell Wall Architecture and Dynamics
Penium margaritaceum is a new and valuable unicellular model organism for studying plant cell wall structure and developmental dynamics. This charophyte has a cell wall composition remarkably similar to the primary cell wall of many higher plants and clearly-defined inclusive zones containing specif...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2014
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4844280/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27135519 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants3040543 |
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author | Domozych, David S. |
author_facet | Domozych, David S. |
author_sort | Domozych, David S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Penium margaritaceum is a new and valuable unicellular model organism for studying plant cell wall structure and developmental dynamics. This charophyte has a cell wall composition remarkably similar to the primary cell wall of many higher plants and clearly-defined inclusive zones containing specific polymers. Penium has a simple cylindrical phenotype with a distinct region of focused wall synthesis. Specific polymers, particularly pectins, can be identified using monoclonal antibodies raised against polymers of higher plant cell walls. Immunofluorescence-based labeling is easily performed using live cells that subsequently can be returned to culture and monitored. This feature allows for rapid assessment of wall expansion rates and identification of multiple polymer types in the wall microarchitecture during the cell cycle. Cryofixation by means of spray freezing provides excellent transmission electron microscopy imaging of the cell, including its elaborate endomembrane and cytoskeletal systems, both integral to cell wall development. Penium’s fast growth rate allows for convenient microarray screening of various agents that alter wall biosynthesis and metabolism. Finally, recent successful development of transformed cell lines has allowed for non-invasive imaging of proteins in cells and for RNAi reverse genetics that can be used for cell wall biosynthesis studies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4844280 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48442802016-04-29 Penium margaritaceum: A Unicellular Model Organism for Studying Plant Cell Wall Architecture and Dynamics Domozych, David S. Plants (Basel) Review Penium margaritaceum is a new and valuable unicellular model organism for studying plant cell wall structure and developmental dynamics. This charophyte has a cell wall composition remarkably similar to the primary cell wall of many higher plants and clearly-defined inclusive zones containing specific polymers. Penium has a simple cylindrical phenotype with a distinct region of focused wall synthesis. Specific polymers, particularly pectins, can be identified using monoclonal antibodies raised against polymers of higher plant cell walls. Immunofluorescence-based labeling is easily performed using live cells that subsequently can be returned to culture and monitored. This feature allows for rapid assessment of wall expansion rates and identification of multiple polymer types in the wall microarchitecture during the cell cycle. Cryofixation by means of spray freezing provides excellent transmission electron microscopy imaging of the cell, including its elaborate endomembrane and cytoskeletal systems, both integral to cell wall development. Penium’s fast growth rate allows for convenient microarray screening of various agents that alter wall biosynthesis and metabolism. Finally, recent successful development of transformed cell lines has allowed for non-invasive imaging of proteins in cells and for RNAi reverse genetics that can be used for cell wall biosynthesis studies. MDPI 2014-11-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4844280/ /pubmed/27135519 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants3040543 Text en © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Domozych, David S. Penium margaritaceum: A Unicellular Model Organism for Studying Plant Cell Wall Architecture and Dynamics |
title | Penium margaritaceum: A Unicellular Model Organism for Studying Plant Cell Wall Architecture and Dynamics |
title_full | Penium margaritaceum: A Unicellular Model Organism for Studying Plant Cell Wall Architecture and Dynamics |
title_fullStr | Penium margaritaceum: A Unicellular Model Organism for Studying Plant Cell Wall Architecture and Dynamics |
title_full_unstemmed | Penium margaritaceum: A Unicellular Model Organism for Studying Plant Cell Wall Architecture and Dynamics |
title_short | Penium margaritaceum: A Unicellular Model Organism for Studying Plant Cell Wall Architecture and Dynamics |
title_sort | penium margaritaceum: a unicellular model organism for studying plant cell wall architecture and dynamics |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4844280/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27135519 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants3040543 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT domozychdavids peniummargaritaceumaunicellularmodelorganismforstudyingplantcellwallarchitectureanddynamics |