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In Vitro Effect of the Synthetic cal14.1a Conotoxin, Derived from Conus californicus, on the Human Parasite Toxoplasma gondii
Toxins that are secreted by cone snails are small peptides that are used to treat several diseases. However, their effects on parasites with human and veterinary significance are unknown. Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic parasite that affects approximately 30% of the world’s population and can...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2016
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4849070/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27070627 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md14040066 |
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author | De León-Nava, Marco A. Romero-Núñez, Eunice Luna-Nophal, Angélica Bernáldez-Sarabia, Johanna Sánchez-Campos, Liliana N. Licea-Navarro, Alexei F. Morales-Montor, Jorge Muñiz-Hernández, Saé |
author_facet | De León-Nava, Marco A. Romero-Núñez, Eunice Luna-Nophal, Angélica Bernáldez-Sarabia, Johanna Sánchez-Campos, Liliana N. Licea-Navarro, Alexei F. Morales-Montor, Jorge Muñiz-Hernández, Saé |
author_sort | De León-Nava, Marco A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Toxins that are secreted by cone snails are small peptides that are used to treat several diseases. However, their effects on parasites with human and veterinary significance are unknown. Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic parasite that affects approximately 30% of the world’s population and can be lethal in immunologically compromised individuals. The conventional treatment for this parasitic infection has remained the same since the 1950s, and its efficacy is limited to the acute phase of infection. These findings have necessitated the search for new drugs that specifically target T. gondii. We examined the effects of the synthetic toxin cal14.1a (s-cal14.1a) from C. californicus on the tachyzoite form of T. gondii. Our results indicate that, at micromolar concentrations, s-cal14.1a lowers viability and inhibits host cell invasion (by 50% and 61%, respectively) on exposure to extracellular parasites. Further, intracellular replication decreased significantly while viability of the host cell was unaffected. Our study is the first report on the antiparasitic activity of a synthetic toxin of C. californicus. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4849070 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48490702016-05-03 In Vitro Effect of the Synthetic cal14.1a Conotoxin, Derived from Conus californicus, on the Human Parasite Toxoplasma gondii De León-Nava, Marco A. Romero-Núñez, Eunice Luna-Nophal, Angélica Bernáldez-Sarabia, Johanna Sánchez-Campos, Liliana N. Licea-Navarro, Alexei F. Morales-Montor, Jorge Muñiz-Hernández, Saé Mar Drugs Article Toxins that are secreted by cone snails are small peptides that are used to treat several diseases. However, their effects on parasites with human and veterinary significance are unknown. Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic parasite that affects approximately 30% of the world’s population and can be lethal in immunologically compromised individuals. The conventional treatment for this parasitic infection has remained the same since the 1950s, and its efficacy is limited to the acute phase of infection. These findings have necessitated the search for new drugs that specifically target T. gondii. We examined the effects of the synthetic toxin cal14.1a (s-cal14.1a) from C. californicus on the tachyzoite form of T. gondii. Our results indicate that, at micromolar concentrations, s-cal14.1a lowers viability and inhibits host cell invasion (by 50% and 61%, respectively) on exposure to extracellular parasites. Further, intracellular replication decreased significantly while viability of the host cell was unaffected. Our study is the first report on the antiparasitic activity of a synthetic toxin of C. californicus. MDPI 2016-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4849070/ /pubmed/27070627 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md14040066 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article De León-Nava, Marco A. Romero-Núñez, Eunice Luna-Nophal, Angélica Bernáldez-Sarabia, Johanna Sánchez-Campos, Liliana N. Licea-Navarro, Alexei F. Morales-Montor, Jorge Muñiz-Hernández, Saé In Vitro Effect of the Synthetic cal14.1a Conotoxin, Derived from Conus californicus, on the Human Parasite Toxoplasma gondii |
title | In Vitro Effect of the Synthetic cal14.1a Conotoxin, Derived from Conus californicus, on the Human Parasite Toxoplasma gondii |
title_full | In Vitro Effect of the Synthetic cal14.1a Conotoxin, Derived from Conus californicus, on the Human Parasite Toxoplasma gondii |
title_fullStr | In Vitro Effect of the Synthetic cal14.1a Conotoxin, Derived from Conus californicus, on the Human Parasite Toxoplasma gondii |
title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Effect of the Synthetic cal14.1a Conotoxin, Derived from Conus californicus, on the Human Parasite Toxoplasma gondii |
title_short | In Vitro Effect of the Synthetic cal14.1a Conotoxin, Derived from Conus californicus, on the Human Parasite Toxoplasma gondii |
title_sort | in vitro effect of the synthetic cal14.1a conotoxin, derived from conus californicus, on the human parasite toxoplasma gondii |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4849070/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27070627 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md14040066 |
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