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The Sponge Hologenome
A paradigm shift has recently transformed the field of biological science; molecular advances have revealed how fundamentally important microorganisms are to many aspects of a host’s phenotype and evolution. In the process, an era of “holobiont” research has emerged to investigate the intricate netw...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Society for Microbiology
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4850255/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27103626 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00135-16 |
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author | Webster, Nicole S. Thomas, Torsten |
author_facet | Webster, Nicole S. Thomas, Torsten |
author_sort | Webster, Nicole S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | A paradigm shift has recently transformed the field of biological science; molecular advances have revealed how fundamentally important microorganisms are to many aspects of a host’s phenotype and evolution. In the process, an era of “holobiont” research has emerged to investigate the intricate network of interactions between a host and its symbiotic microbial consortia. Marine sponges are early-diverging metazoa known for hosting dense, specific, and often highly diverse microbial communities. Here we synthesize current thoughts about the environmental and evolutionary forces that influence the diversity, specificity, and distribution of microbial symbionts within the sponge holobiont, explore the physiological pathways that contribute to holobiont function, and describe the molecular mechanisms that underpin the establishment and maintenance of these symbiotic partnerships. The collective genomes of the sponge holobiont form the sponge hologenome, and we highlight how the forces that define a sponge’s phenotype in fact act on the genomic interplay between the different components of the holobiont. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4850255 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48502552016-05-06 The Sponge Hologenome Webster, Nicole S. Thomas, Torsten mBio Minireview A paradigm shift has recently transformed the field of biological science; molecular advances have revealed how fundamentally important microorganisms are to many aspects of a host’s phenotype and evolution. In the process, an era of “holobiont” research has emerged to investigate the intricate network of interactions between a host and its symbiotic microbial consortia. Marine sponges are early-diverging metazoa known for hosting dense, specific, and often highly diverse microbial communities. Here we synthesize current thoughts about the environmental and evolutionary forces that influence the diversity, specificity, and distribution of microbial symbionts within the sponge holobiont, explore the physiological pathways that contribute to holobiont function, and describe the molecular mechanisms that underpin the establishment and maintenance of these symbiotic partnerships. The collective genomes of the sponge holobiont form the sponge hologenome, and we highlight how the forces that define a sponge’s phenotype in fact act on the genomic interplay between the different components of the holobiont. American Society for Microbiology 2016-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4850255/ /pubmed/27103626 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00135-16 Text en © Crown copyright 2016. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Minireview Webster, Nicole S. Thomas, Torsten The Sponge Hologenome |
title | The Sponge Hologenome |
title_full | The Sponge Hologenome |
title_fullStr | The Sponge Hologenome |
title_full_unstemmed | The Sponge Hologenome |
title_short | The Sponge Hologenome |
title_sort | sponge hologenome |
topic | Minireview |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4850255/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27103626 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00135-16 |
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