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The Sponge Hologenome

A paradigm shift has recently transformed the field of biological science; molecular advances have revealed how fundamentally important microorganisms are to many aspects of a host’s phenotype and evolution. In the process, an era of “holobiont” research has emerged to investigate the intricate netw...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Webster, Nicole S., Thomas, Torsten
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4850255/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27103626
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00135-16
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author Webster, Nicole S.
Thomas, Torsten
author_facet Webster, Nicole S.
Thomas, Torsten
author_sort Webster, Nicole S.
collection PubMed
description A paradigm shift has recently transformed the field of biological science; molecular advances have revealed how fundamentally important microorganisms are to many aspects of a host’s phenotype and evolution. In the process, an era of “holobiont” research has emerged to investigate the intricate network of interactions between a host and its symbiotic microbial consortia. Marine sponges are early-diverging metazoa known for hosting dense, specific, and often highly diverse microbial communities. Here we synthesize current thoughts about the environmental and evolutionary forces that influence the diversity, specificity, and distribution of microbial symbionts within the sponge holobiont, explore the physiological pathways that contribute to holobiont function, and describe the molecular mechanisms that underpin the establishment and maintenance of these symbiotic partnerships. The collective genomes of the sponge holobiont form the sponge hologenome, and we highlight how the forces that define a sponge’s phenotype in fact act on the genomic interplay between the different components of the holobiont.
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spelling pubmed-48502552016-05-06 The Sponge Hologenome Webster, Nicole S. Thomas, Torsten mBio Minireview A paradigm shift has recently transformed the field of biological science; molecular advances have revealed how fundamentally important microorganisms are to many aspects of a host’s phenotype and evolution. In the process, an era of “holobiont” research has emerged to investigate the intricate network of interactions between a host and its symbiotic microbial consortia. Marine sponges are early-diverging metazoa known for hosting dense, specific, and often highly diverse microbial communities. Here we synthesize current thoughts about the environmental and evolutionary forces that influence the diversity, specificity, and distribution of microbial symbionts within the sponge holobiont, explore the physiological pathways that contribute to holobiont function, and describe the molecular mechanisms that underpin the establishment and maintenance of these symbiotic partnerships. The collective genomes of the sponge holobiont form the sponge hologenome, and we highlight how the forces that define a sponge’s phenotype in fact act on the genomic interplay between the different components of the holobiont. American Society for Microbiology 2016-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4850255/ /pubmed/27103626 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00135-16 Text en © Crown copyright 2016. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Minireview
Webster, Nicole S.
Thomas, Torsten
The Sponge Hologenome
title The Sponge Hologenome
title_full The Sponge Hologenome
title_fullStr The Sponge Hologenome
title_full_unstemmed The Sponge Hologenome
title_short The Sponge Hologenome
title_sort sponge hologenome
topic Minireview
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4850255/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27103626
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00135-16
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