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Automatic Identification of Subtechniques in Skating-Style Roller Skiing Using Inertial Sensors
This study aims to develop and validate an automated system for identifying skating-style cross-country subtechniques using inertial sensors. In the first experiment, the performance of a male cross-country skier was used to develop an automated identification system. In the second, eight male and s...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4850987/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27049388 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16040473 |
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author | Sakurai, Yoshihisa Fujita, Zenya Ishige, Yusuke |
author_facet | Sakurai, Yoshihisa Fujita, Zenya Ishige, Yusuke |
author_sort | Sakurai, Yoshihisa |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study aims to develop and validate an automated system for identifying skating-style cross-country subtechniques using inertial sensors. In the first experiment, the performance of a male cross-country skier was used to develop an automated identification system. In the second, eight male and seven female college cross-country skiers participated to validate the developed identification system. Each subject wore inertial sensors on both wrists and both roller skis, and a small video camera on a backpack. All subjects skied through a 3450 m roller ski course using a skating style at their maximum speed. The adopted subtechniques were identified by the automated method based on the data obtained from the sensors, as well as by visual observations from a video recording of the same ski run. The system correctly identified 6418 subtechniques from a total of 6768 cycles, which indicates an accuracy of 94.8%. The precisions of the automatic system for identifying the V1R, V1L, V2R, V2L, V2AR, and V2AL subtechniques were 87.6%, 87.0%, 97.5%, 97.8%, 92.1%, and 92.0%, respectively. Most incorrect identification cases occurred during a subtechnique identification that included a transition and turn event. Identification accuracy can be improved by separately identifying transition and turn events. This system could be used to evaluate each skier’s subtechniques in course conditions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4850987 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48509872016-05-04 Automatic Identification of Subtechniques in Skating-Style Roller Skiing Using Inertial Sensors Sakurai, Yoshihisa Fujita, Zenya Ishige, Yusuke Sensors (Basel) Article This study aims to develop and validate an automated system for identifying skating-style cross-country subtechniques using inertial sensors. In the first experiment, the performance of a male cross-country skier was used to develop an automated identification system. In the second, eight male and seven female college cross-country skiers participated to validate the developed identification system. Each subject wore inertial sensors on both wrists and both roller skis, and a small video camera on a backpack. All subjects skied through a 3450 m roller ski course using a skating style at their maximum speed. The adopted subtechniques were identified by the automated method based on the data obtained from the sensors, as well as by visual observations from a video recording of the same ski run. The system correctly identified 6418 subtechniques from a total of 6768 cycles, which indicates an accuracy of 94.8%. The precisions of the automatic system for identifying the V1R, V1L, V2R, V2L, V2AR, and V2AL subtechniques were 87.6%, 87.0%, 97.5%, 97.8%, 92.1%, and 92.0%, respectively. Most incorrect identification cases occurred during a subtechnique identification that included a transition and turn event. Identification accuracy can be improved by separately identifying transition and turn events. This system could be used to evaluate each skier’s subtechniques in course conditions. MDPI 2016-04-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4850987/ /pubmed/27049388 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16040473 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sakurai, Yoshihisa Fujita, Zenya Ishige, Yusuke Automatic Identification of Subtechniques in Skating-Style Roller Skiing Using Inertial Sensors |
title | Automatic Identification of Subtechniques in Skating-Style Roller Skiing Using Inertial Sensors |
title_full | Automatic Identification of Subtechniques in Skating-Style Roller Skiing Using Inertial Sensors |
title_fullStr | Automatic Identification of Subtechniques in Skating-Style Roller Skiing Using Inertial Sensors |
title_full_unstemmed | Automatic Identification of Subtechniques in Skating-Style Roller Skiing Using Inertial Sensors |
title_short | Automatic Identification of Subtechniques in Skating-Style Roller Skiing Using Inertial Sensors |
title_sort | automatic identification of subtechniques in skating-style roller skiing using inertial sensors |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4850987/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27049388 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16040473 |
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